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Chapter 9: Q1 E (page 506)
Why are sharp knives more effective than dull knives (Hint: think about the definition of pressure)?
Because the area of a sharp knife is less than that of a dull knife, the pressure, or force/area, will be greater for the sharp knife. As a result, they are more efficient.
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A cylinder of medical oxygen has a volume of \({\rm{35}}{\rm{.4\;L}}\) and contains \({{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\)at a pressure of \({\rm{151 atm}}\) and a temperature of \({\rm{2}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\). What volume of \({{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\) does this correspond to at normal body conditions, that is, \({\rm{1 atm}}\)and\({\rm{3}}{{\rm{7}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\)?
How would the graph in Figure 9.12 change if the number of moles of gas in the sample used to determine the curve were doubled?
The pressure of a sample of gas is measured with an open-end manometer, partially shown to the right. The liquid in the manometer is mercury. Assuming atmospheric pressure is 29.92 in. Hg, determine the pressure of the gas in: (a) torr (b) Pa (c) bar.
As \(1\;{\rm{g}}\)of the radioactive element radium decays over \(1\;\) year, it produces \(1.16 \times {10^{18}}\) alpha particles (helium nuclei). Each alpha particle becomes an atom of helium gas. What is the pressure in pascal of the helium gas produced if it occupies a volume of \(125\;{\rm{mL}}\)at a temperature of \({25^\circ }{\rm{C}}\) ?
One method of analyzing amino acids is the van Slyke method. The characteristic amino groups(-NH2) in protein material are allowed to react with nitrous acid, HNO2, to form N2 gas. From the volume of the gas, the amount of amino acid can be determined. A 0.0604-g sample of a biological sample containing glycine, CH2(NH2)CO2H, was analyzed by the van Slyke method and yielded 3.70mL of N2 collected over water at a pressure of 735 torrs and 29 虋C. What was the percentage of glycine in the sample?
\[{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{)C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{H+HN}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\to{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(OH)C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{H+}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O+}}{{\rm{N}}_{\rm{2}}}\]
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