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Chapter 2: Q.33E (page 67)

Write the empirical formula for the following compounds:

Short Answer

Expert verified

The empirical formula for the given compounds are as follows:

  1. CH2O
  2. C2H4O

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the chemical formula for the compounds

Count the total number of similar kinds of atoms present in the entire compound.

In compound (a) there are 2 carbon atoms, 4 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms. So, the chemical formula of the given compound isC2H4O2

While, in compound (b), 4 carbon atoms, 8 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms are present in the entire compound. Hence, the chemical formula of the compound is C4H8O2.

02

Determining the empirical formula from the chemical formula

The empirical formula is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms present in the chemical formula of a compound.

The chemical formula of compound (a) isC2H4O2. The lowest common factor for 2,4 and 2 is 2. Dividing all the numerical values present in the chemical formula will resultinthe simplest ratio of 1,2 and 1. Hence, the empirical formula for compound (a) isCH2O.

For compound (b), the lowest common factor is 2. The simplest whole ratio by dividing all the numerical values by 2 will be 2,4,1. Hence, the empirical formula for compound (b) isC2H4O.

Hence, the empirical formula for compound (a) is CH2Oand for compound (b) is C2H4O.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What are the IUPAC names of the following compounds?

  1. Manganese dioxide
  2. Mercurous chloride (Hg2Cl2)
  3. Ferric nitrate [Fe(NO3)3]
  4. Titanium Tetrachloride
  5. Cupric bromide (CuBr2)

The average atomic masses of some elements may vary, depending upon the sources of their ores. Naturally occurring, the boron consists of two isotopes with accurately known masses ( 10B, 10.0129 amu and 11B, 11.0931 amu). The actual atomic mass of boron can vary from 10.807 to 10.819, depending on whether the mineral source is from Turkey or the United States. Calculate the percent abundance leading to the two values of the average atomic masses of boron from these two countries.

Each of the following compounds contains a metal that can exhibit more than one ionic charge. Name these compounds:

a. Cr2O3

b. FeCl2

c. CrO3

d. TiCl4

e.CoO

f. MoS2

Predict and test the behaviour of 伪 particles fired at a Rutherford atom model.

(a) Predict the paths taken by 伪 particles that are fired at atoms with a Rutherford atom model structure. Explain why you expect the 伪 particles to take these paths.

(b) If 伪 particles of higher energy than those in (a) are fired at Rutherford atoms, predict how their paths will differ from the lower-energy 伪 particle paths. Explain your reasoning.

(c) Predict how the paths taken by the 伪 particles will differ if they are fired at Rutherford atoms of elements other than gold. What factor do you expect to cause this difference in paths, and why?

(d) Now test your predictions from (a), (b), and (c).

Open the Rutherford Scattering simulation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetScatter) and select the 鈥淩utherford Atom鈥� tab. Due to the scale of the simulation, it is best to start with a small nucleus, so select 鈥�20鈥� for both protons and neutrons, 鈥渕in鈥� for energy, show traces, and then start firing 伪 particles. Does this match your prediction from (a)? If not, explain why the actual path would be that shown in the simulation. Pause or reset, set energy to 鈥渕ax,鈥� and start firing 伪 particles. Does this match your prediction from (b)? If not, explain the effect of increased energy on the actual path as shown in the simulation. Pause or reset, select 鈥�40鈥� for both protons and neutrons, 鈥渕in鈥� for energy, show traces, and fire away. Does this match your prediction from (c)? If not, explain why the actual path would be that shown in the simulation. Repeat this with larger numbers of protons and neutrons. What generalization can you make regarding the type of atom and effect on the path of 伪 particles? Be clear and specific.

Using the periodic table, predict whether the following chlorides are ionic or covalent:\(SiC{l_4},PC{l_3},CaC{l_2},CsCl,CuC{l_2}{\rm{ and }}CrC{l_3}.\)
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