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Chapter 8: Q9 E (page 446)
Why is the concept of hybridization required in valence bond theory?
Hybridization is necessary to determine the molecular geometry of complex.
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Explain how \({\rm{\sigma }}\) and \({\rm{\pi }}\) bonds are similar and how they are different.
Identify the hybridization of each carbon atom in the following molecule. (The arrangement of atoms is given; you need to determine how many bonds connect each pair of atoms.)
The main component of air is N2. From the molecular orbital diagram of N2, predict its bond order and whether it is diamagnetic or paramagnetic.
Acetic acid, H3CC(O)OH, is the molecule that gives vinegar its odor and sour taste. What is the hybridization of the two carbon atoms in acetic acid?
Predict the valence electron molecular orbital configurations for the following, and state whether they will be stable or unstable ions.
(a) \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(b) \({\rm{M}}{{\rm{g}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(c) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(d) \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(e) \({\rm{P}}_{\rm{2}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(f) \({{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(g) \({{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(h) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{r}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
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