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Chapter 4: Q4.23P (page 178)

Water 鈥渟ofteners鈥� remove metal ions such as and by replacing them with enough ions to maintain the same number of positive charges in the solution. If 1.0 x 10³ L of 鈥渉ard鈥� water is 0.015 M and 0.0010 M how many moles of are needed to replace these ions?

Short Answer

Expert verified

0.33 mol of ${Na}^{+}$ are needed to replace these ions.

Step by step solution

01

Calculatethe number of moles of Na+required to remove both Ca2+and Fe3+ metal ions

The no. of moles of ${C a}^{2 +}$ ion in the given sample is:

$\begin{array}{rcl} M o l e s o f {C a}^{2 +} i o n & = & c o n c e n t r a t i o n x v o l u m e \\ = & (0.015 M) (1000 L) = 15 m o l {C a}^{2 +} \end{array}$

Hence, to remove ${Ca}^{2 +}$ ions we need a mole of ${N a}^{+}$

Since the charge onlocalid="1656759165424" $C a^{2 +}$ is twice of ${N a}^{+}$

Hence, to remove a ${Ca}^{2 +}$ ion we need a 2 ${N a}^{+}$ ions

$\begin{array}{rcl} 2 x m o l e s o f {C a}^{2 +} & = & 2 x 15 m o l o f {N a}^{+} \\ = & 30 m o l o f {N a}^{+} \end{array}$

The no. of moles of ${F e}^{+}$ ion in the given sample is:

Since the charge on ${F e}^{3 +}$ is thrice oflocalid="1656760094429" ${N a}^{+}$

Hence, to remove a ${F e}^{3 +}$ ion we need 3 ${N a}^{+}$ ions

$\begin{array}{rcl} 3 x m o l e s o f F e^{3 +} & = & 3 x 1 m o l o f {N a}^{+} \\ = & 3 m o l o f {N a}^{+} \end{array}$

02

Calculate the total moles of Na+ ion requires to replace of both metal ions Ca2+,Fe3+ :

The total number of moles of ${N a}^{+}$ ions required is:

Moles of ${N a}^{+}$ =30 mol ${N a}^{+}$ +3mol ${N a}^{+}$ =33 mol ${N a}^{+}$

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Is the following a redox reaction? Explain

{NH}_{3} (aq) +HCl (aq) 鈫� {NH}_{4} Cl (aq)

(a) Name three common strong acids.

(b) Name three common strong bases.

(c) What is a characteristic behavior of a strong acid or a strong base?

Describe what happens on the molecular level when acetic acid dissolves in water.

Sodium hydroxide is used extensively in acid-base titrations because it is a strong, inexpensive base. A sodium hydroxide solution was standardized by titrating 25.00 mL of 0.1528 M standard hydrochloric acid. The initial buret reading of the sodium hydroxide was 2.24 mL, and the final reading was 39.21 mL. What was the molarity of the base solution?

In the process of pickling, rust is removed from newly produced steel by washing the steel in hydrochloric acid:

$(1) 6 HCl (aq) + {Fe}_{2} O_{3} (s) 鈫� 2 {FeCl}_{3} (aq) + 3 H_{2} O (l)$

During the process, some iron is lost as well:

$(2) 2 HCl (aq) + Fe (s) 鈫� {FeCl}_{2} (aq) + H_{2} (g)$

(a) Which reaction, if either, is a redox process? (b) If reaction 2 did not occur and all the HCl were used, how many grams of Fe₂O₃ could be removed and FeCl₃ produced in a 2.50x10³-L bath of 3.00 MHCl? (c) If reaction 1 did not occur and all the HCl were used, how many grams of Fe could be lost and FeCl₂ produced in a 2.50x10₃-L bath of 3.00 MHCl? (d) If 0.280 g of Fe is lost per gram of Fe₂O₃ removed, what is the mass ratio of FeCl₂to FeCl₃?

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