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Chapter 16: Q16.60P (page 731)

Question: At 250C , what is the fraction of collisions with energy equal to or greater than an activation energy of 100. kJ/mol?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The fraction of collisions is equal to 2.96脳10-18.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: Arrhenius equation

The Arrhenius equation is written like this:

k=Ae-Ea/RTk=Af

Where k is the rate constant, A is the frequency factor, Ea is the reaction's activation energy at a certain temperature T, and R is the gas constant .The equation f equals e-Ea/RT and represents the proportion of collisions with a given energy.

02

Determine the fraction of collisions

Determine the fraction of collisions by substituting the values:

\begingatheredf=e-Ea/RT=e100kJ/mol8.314J/mol.k273+25K脳1000J1kJ=e-40.36=2.96脳10-18

The fraction of collisions is equal to 2.96脳10-18.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Ina kinetics experiment, a chemist places crystals of iodine in a closed reaction vessel, introduces a given quantity of hydrogen gas, and obtains data to calculate the rate of hydrogen iodide formation. In a second experiment, she uses the same amounts of iodine and hydrogen, but first warms the flask to 130 degrees Celsius, a temperature above the sublimation point of iodine. In which of these experiments does the reaction proceed at a higher rate? Explain.

For the reaction , how many unique collisions between A and B are possible if 1.01 mol of A(g) and 2.12 mol of B(g) are present in the vessel?

Is the rate of an overall reaction lower, higher, or equal to the average rate of the individual steps? Explain.

To determine its rate law. Assuming that you have a valid experimental procedure for obtaining [A2] and [B2] at various times, explain how you determine

A2(g)+B2(g)鈫�2AB(g)

(a) the initial rate,

(b) the reaction orders, and

(c) the rate constant.

Question:Many drugs decompose in blood by a first-order process.

(a) Two tablets of aspirin supply 0.60 g of the active compound. After 30 min, this compound reaches a maximum concentration of 2 mg/100 mL of blood. If the half-life for its breakdown is 90 min, what is its concentration (in mg/100 mL) 2.5 h after it reaches its maximum concentration?

(b) For the decomposition of an antibiotic in a person with a normal temperature (98.6掳F),k=3.1脳10-5s-1; for a person with a fever at 101.9掳F, k=3.9脳10-5s-1. If the person with the fever must take another pill when of the first pill has decomposed, how many hours should she wait to take a second pill? A third pill? (Assume the pill is effective immediately.)

(c) Calculate Ea for decomposition of the antibiotic in part (b).
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