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Chapter 17: Q98CP (page 780)

Consider the following reaction:

3Fe(s)+4H2O(g)鈬�Fe3O4(s)+4H2(g)

(a) What is the apparent oxidation state of Fe in Fe3O4?

(b) Actually, Fe has two oxidation states in Fe3O4. What are they?

(c) At role="math" localid="1654929041124" 9000C, Kc for the reaction is 5.1. If 0.050 mol ofH2O(g) and 0.100 mol of Fe(s) are placed in a 1.0-L container at 9000C, how many grams of role="math" localid="1654929174865" Fe3O4are present at equilibrium?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The apparent oxidation state of Fe inFe3O4 is 2.67.

(b) Fe3O4Can be written asFeO.Fe2O3

Hence oxidation state of F in FeO = +2 and Fe in =+3

(c) 2.42 grams of Fe3O4are present at equilibrium.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: (a) Apparent oxidation state of Fe in Fe3O4 and (b) two oxidation states of Fe in Fe3O4.

(a) The apparent oxidation state of Fe in Fe3O4is:

Fe3O4=3脳Fe+4脳-2=0Fe=83=2.67

(b)localid="1654931375767" Fe3O4Can be written as FeO.Fe2O3

Hence oxidation state of F in FeO = +2 and Fe in =+3

02

Step 2: (c) How many grams of Fe3O4 are present at equilibrium?

Concentrationofwater=MolesVolume[H2O]=0.050mol1.0L=0.050螠[Fe]=0.100mol1.0L=0.100M

Putting these values in an ICE table:


KC=[Fe3O4][H2]4[Fe]3[H2O]4

Substituting, we get

5.1=(x)(4x)4(0.10-3x)3(0.050-4x)4)5.1=(2556x5)(0.10-3x)3(0.050-4x)4

Since x<< 1

Hence;0.10-3x鈮�0.10,&0.05-4x鈮�0.050

Hence;

5.1=256x5(0.10-3x)3(0.050-4x)4=256x56.25脳10-9256x5=3.19脳10-10

Thus,

x5=1.245脳10-10x=1.045脳10-2M

So, we have 1.045脳10-2mol of Fe3O4 present in 1L of solution.

MassofFe3O4presentatequilibrium=moles脳molarmass=1.045脳10-12脳232gmol-1=2.42g

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Most popular questions from this chapter

101 The methane used to obtain H2 for manufacture is impure and usually contains other hydrocarbons, such as propane,C3H8 . Imagine the reaction of propane occurring in two steps:

C3H8(g)+3H2O(g)鈬�3CO(g)+7H2(g)Kp=8.175脳1015at1200KCO(g)+H2O(g)鈬�CO2(g)+H2(g)Kp=0.6944at1200K

(a) Write the overall equation for the reaction of propane and steam to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

(b) CalculateKp for the overall process at 1200K

(c) When1.00 volume of C3H8and 4.00volumes ofH2O , each at1200.K and5.0atm , are mixed in a container, what is the final pressure? Assume the total volume remains constant, that the reaction is essentially complete, and that the gases behave ideally.

(d) What percentage of theC3H8 remains unreacted?

An equilibrium mixture of two solids and a gas, in the reactionXY(s)鈬�X(g)+Y(s), is depicted at right (X is green and Y is black). Does scene A, B, or C best represent the system at equilibrium after two formula units of Y(s) is added? Explain.

Balance each reaction and write its reaction quotient,QC :

(a)NO2CI(g)饾啅NO2(g)+CI2(g)(b)POCI3(g)饾啅PCI3(g)+O2(g)(c)NH3(g)+O2(g)饾啅N2(g)+H2O(g)

The "filmstrip" represents five molecular scenes of a gaseous mixture as it reaches equilibrium over time:

X is purple and Y is orange: X2(g)+Y2(g)鈫�2XY(g).

(a) Write the reaction quotient, Q, for this reaction.

(b) If each particle represents0.1mol, find Q for each scene.

(c) If K>1, is time progressing to the right or to the left? Explain.

(d) Calculate K at this temperature.

(e) If鈭�Hrxno, which scene, if any, best represents the mixture at a higher temperature? Explain.

(f) Which scene, if any, best represents the mixture at a higher pressure (lower volume)? Explain.

What is implied by the word 鈥渃onstant鈥� in the term equilibrium constant? Give two reaction parameters that can be changed without changing the value of an equilibrium constant.
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