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Chapter 21: Q21.55P (page 975)
In a concentration cell, is the more concentrated electrolyte in the cathode or the anode compartment? Explain.
The more concentrated electrolyte is present in the cathode compartment as it is reduced to decrease the concentration.
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When a clean iron nail is placed in an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate, the nail becomes coated with a brownish black material.
(a) What is the material coating the iron?
(b) What are the oxidizing and reducing agents?
(c) Can this reaction be made into a voltaic cell?
(d) Write the balanced equation for the reaction.
(e) Calculate E掳cell for the process.
Compare and contrast a voltaic cell and an electrolytic cell with respect to each of the following:
(a) Sign of the free energy change
(b) Nature of the half-reaction at the anode
(c) Nature of the half-reaction at the cathode
(d) Charge on the electrode labelled 鈥渁node鈥�
(e) Electrode from which electrons leave the cell
Electrolysis of molten is the final production step in the isolation of magnesium from seawater by the Dow process. Assuming that of metal forms,
(a) How many moles of electrons are required?
(b) How many coulombs are required?
(c) How many amps will produce this amount in?
Consider the following voltaic cell
(a) In which direction do electrons flow in the external circuit?
(b) In which half-cell does oxidation occur?
(c) In which half-cell do electrons enter the cell?
(d) At which electrode are electrons consumed?
(e) Which electrode is negatively charged?
(f) Which electrode decreases in mass during cell operation?
(g) Suggest a solution for the cathode electrolyte.
(h) Suggest a pair of ions for the salt bridge.
(i) For which electrode could you use an inactive material?
(j) In which direction do anions within the salt bridge move to maintain charge neutrality?
(k) Write balanced half-reactions and an overall cell reaction.
Are spectator ions used to balance the half-reactions of a redox reaction? At what stage might spectator ions enter the balancing process?
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