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Chapter 21: Q21.7P (page 972)

Are spectator ions used to balance the half-reactions of a redox reaction? At what stage might spectator ions enter the balancing process?

Short Answer

Expert verified

When a reaction is broken down into half-reactions, spectator ions are removed and then added back when the half-reactions are added after individual balancing.

Step by step solution

01

what is half-reaction

A redox reaction's half reaction is either the oxidation or reduction reaction component. The change in oxidation states of specific chemicals participating in the redox reaction is used to calculate a half-reaction.

02

Determining at which stage spectator ions might enter the balancing process

When a redox reaction is broken down into two half-reactions, any spectator ions are eliminated from the equations.

When the two half-reactions are joined together, any spectator ions that were eliminated from the equation are also included.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Electrolysis of molten MgCl2is the final production step in the isolation of magnesium from seawater by the Dow process. Assuming that 45.6g of Mgmetal forms,

(a) How many moles of electrons are required?

(b) How many coulombs are required?

(c) How many amps will produce this amount in3.50h?

In a concentration cell, is the more concentrated electrolyte in the cathode or the anode compartment? Explain.

Consider the following voltaic cell

(a) In which direction do electrons flow in the external circuit?

(b) In which half-cell does oxidation occur?

(c) In which half-cell do electrons enter the cell?

(d) At which electrode are electrons consumed?

(e) Which electrode is negatively charged?

(f) Which electrode decreases in mass during cell operation?

(g) Suggest a solution for the cathode electrolyte.

(h) Suggest a pair of ions for the salt bridge.

(i) For which electrode could you use an inactive material?

(j) In which direction do anions within the salt bridge move to maintain charge neutrality?

(k) Write balanced half-reactions and an overall cell reaction.

Which of the following metals are suitable for use as sacri铿乧ial anodes to protect against corrosion of underground iron pipes? If any are not suitable, explain why:

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(b) Magnesium

(c) Sodium

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Compare and contrast a voltaic cell and an electrolytic cell with respect to each of the following:

(a) Sign of the free energy change

(b) Nature of the half-reaction at the anode

(c) Nature of the half-reaction at the cathode

(d) Charge on the electrode labelled 鈥渁node鈥�

(e) Electrode from which electrons leave the cell
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