Chapter 9: Problem 69
How is Hess's law consistent with the law of conservation of energy?
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Chapter 9: Problem 69
How is Hess's law consistent with the law of conservation of energy?
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Would Hess's law be valid if enthalpy were not a state function? Why or why not?
Explain how the use of \(\Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\) to calculate \(\Delta H_{\mathrm{rxn}}^{\circ}\) is an example of Hess's law.
Are kinetic energy and potential energy both state functions?
Gypsum is the common name of calcium sulfate dihydrate which has the formula \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) When gypsum is heated to \(150^{\circ} \mathrm{C},\) it loses most of the water in its formula and forms plaster of Paris \(\left(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot 0.5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right):\) \(2 \mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(s) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot 0.5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(s)+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)\) What is the sign of \(\Delta H\) for making plaster of Paris from gypsum?
In a high-temperature gas-phase reaction, methanol \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH}\right)\) reacts with \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) to produce \(\mathrm{HCN}\) and \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\). The reaction is endothermic, requiring \(164 \mathrm{kJ}\) of thermal energy per mole of methanol under standard conditions. a. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. b. Is energy a reactant or a product? c. What is the change in enthalpy under standard conditions if \(60.0 \mathrm{g}\) of \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH}(g)\) reacts with excess \(\mathrm{N}_{2}(g),\) forming \(\mathrm{HCN}(g),\) and \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}(g) ?\)
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