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Chapter 7: Problem 76

A chemical reaction produces less than the expected amount of product. Is this result a violation of the law of conservation of mass?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Explain your answer. Answer: No, a chemical reaction producing less than the expected amount of product is not necessarily a violation of the law of conservation of mass. The discrepancy in the product amount might be due to incomplete reactions, side reactions, or experimental errors. To determine if there is a violation, it's essential to compare the total mass of reactants and products and investigate any potential factors affecting the reaction.

Step by step solution

01

1. Understand the Law of Conservation of Mass

The law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of the reactants in a chemical reaction must equal the total mass of the products. In other words, mass cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms.
02

2. Examine the Chemical Reaction

The given exercise states that a chemical reaction produces less than the expected amount of product. This means that the mass of the products is less than what we anticipated based on the balanced chemical equation.
03

3. Identify Possible Reasons for the Lower Amount of Product

There could be various reasons why the reaction produced less product than expected, such as an incomplete reaction, side reactions, or loss of reactants or products during the process due to human errors or equipment inefficiencies. It's important to consider these factors when evaluating the observed results.
04

4. Determine if There is a Violation of the Law of Conservation of Mass

The occurrence of producing less product than expected does not automatically mean that there is a violation of the law of conservation of mass. To determine if the law is violated, we need to consider the total mass of reactants and products. If the total mass is conserved, as expected, then there is no violation of the law. Otherwise, we have to investigate the factors mentioned in step 3 to understand the discrepancy in mass conservation.
05

5. Conclusion

While producing less than the expected amount of product may raise questions, it does not necessarily indicate a violation of the law of conservation of mass. The mass discrepancy might be related to various factors, such as incomplete reactions, side reactions, or experimental errors. To draw a conclusion, one should compare the total mass of reactants and products and investigate potential factors affecting the reaction.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Baking soda (NaHCO \(_{3}\) ) is produced on an industrial scale by the Solvay process. A key reaction in the process is $$\mathrm{NaCl}(a q)+\mathrm{NH}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell) \rightarrow$$ $$\quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}(s)+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}(a q)$$ Suppose a reaction vessel initially contains \(58.5 \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{NaCl}\) \(18.8 \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{NH}_{3},\) and excess \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} .\) If \(66 \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) is produced, what is the percent yield?

If a reaction vessel contains equal masses of \(\mathrm{Fe}\) and \(\mathrm{S}, \mathrm{a}\) mass of FeS corresponding to which of the following could theoretically be produced? a. the sum of the masses of \(\mathrm{Fe}\) and \(\mathrm{S}\) b. more than the sum of the masses of Fe and \(S\) c. less than the sum of the masses of Fe and \(S\)

Some catalytic converters in automobiles contain two manganese oxides: \(\mathrm{Mn}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{MnO}_{2}.\) a. What are the names of these compounds? b. What is the manganese content of each (expressed as a percent by mass)? c. Explain how \(\mathrm{Mn}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{MnO}_{2}\) are consistent with the law of multiple proportions.

Combustion of 135.0 mg of a hydrocarbon produces \(440.0 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(135.0 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} .\) The molar mass of the hydrocarbon is \(270 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol}\). What are the empirical and molecular formulas of this compound?

Artificial Bones for Medical Implants The material often used to make artificial bones is the same material that gives natural bones their strength. Its common name is hydroxyapatite, and its formula is \(\mathrm{Ca}_{5}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{3} \mathrm{OH}\) a. Propose a systematic name for this compound. b. What is the mass percentage of calcium in it? c. When treated with hydrogen fluoride, hydroxyapatite becomes fluorapatite \(\left[\mathrm{Ca}_{5}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{3} \mathrm{F}\right]\), an even stronger substance. Does the percent mass of Ca increase or decrease as a result of this substitution?
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