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Chapter 7: Problem 41

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS \(_{2}\) ) is an abundant copper mineral that can be converted into elemental copper. How much Cu is there in \(1.00 \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{CuFeS}_{2} ?\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: To find the amount of Cu in 1.00 kg of Chalcopyrite (CuFeS鈧�), first calculate the molar mass of CuFeS鈧� and the percentage composition of Cu in CuFeS鈧�. Then, convert the given weight from kg to grams and finally calculate the amount of Cu present in 1.00 kg of CuFeS鈧� using the formula: Amount of Cu in 1.00 kg of CuFeS鈧� = (Percentage of Cu * total grams of CuFeS鈧�) / 100.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the Molar Mass of CuFeS鈧�

First, we need to find the molar mass of CuFeS鈧� by adding the molar masses of each element: Molar Mass of Cu = 63.5 g/mol Molar Mass of Fe = 55.8 g/mol Molar Mass of S = 32.1 g/mol (since there are two S atoms, multiply by 2) So, the molar mass of CuFeS鈧� = 63.5 g/mol (Cu) + 55.8 g/mol (Fe) + 2 * 32.1 g/mol (S)
02

Calculate the Percentage Composition of Cu in CuFeS鈧�

Now, we'll find the percentage composition of Cu in CuFeS鈧�: Percentage of Cu = (Molar Mass of Cu / Molar Mass of CuFeS鈧�) * 100
03

Convert 1.00 kg CuFeS鈧� into grams

Since we're given the weight in kilograms, we need to convert it to grams: 1.00 kg * 1000 g/kg = 1000 g
04

Calculate the Amount of Cu in 1.00 kg of CuFeS鈧�

Now that we have the percentage composition of Cu in CuFeS鈧� and the weight in grams, we can find the amount of Cu in 1.00 kg of CuFeS鈧�: Amount of Cu in 1.00 kg of CuFeS鈧� = (Percentage of Cu * total grams of CuFeS鈧�) / 100 Now, plug in the values obtained in the previous steps to calculate the amount of Cu in 1.00 kg of CuFeS鈧�.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Chalcopyrite
Chalcopyrite, with the chemical formula CuFeS extsubscript{2}, is a sulfide mineral of copper iron. It's one of the most important sources of copper extraction in the mining industry due to its abundance. The formation of chalcopyrite in nature often occurs through hydrothermal processes, resulting in large deposits that are commercially feasible to mine.

Being a copper iron sulfide, chalcopyrite contains three essential elements: Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), and Sulfur (S). Each element has a specific role in the overall composition of the mineral:
  • Copper (Cu): Provides the economic value.
  • Iron (Fe): Often extracted and utilized in steel production.
  • Sulfur (S): While it supplies the mineral structure, sulfur is usually considered an impurity when extracting metals.
Understanding the chemical and structural properties of chalcopyrite helps us appreciate why it's a top choice for copper extraction.
Percentage Composition
The concept of percentage composition refers to the proportion of each element within a compound, expressed as a percentage of the compound's total mass. In the case of chalcopyrite (CuFeS extsubscript{2}), it's essential to calculate the percentage composition to determine the amount of copper that can be extracted.

To find the percentage composition of copper in chalcopyrite:
  • Calculate the molar mass of CuFeS extsubscript{2} by summing the molar masses of its elements: Copper ( extit{Cu}), Iron ( extit{Fe}), and Sulfur ( extit{S}).
  • Once you have the total molar mass, the next step is to divide the molar mass of copper by the total molar mass of the compound.
  • Finally, multiply the result by 100 to convert it to a percentage.
This percentage is crucial when determining how much copper is present in a given mass of the mineral. It directly influences the economic decision-making in mining and extraction operations.
Copper Extraction
Copper extraction refers to the methods used to obtain copper from its ores, including chalcopyrite. The process usually involves several stages that gradually concentrate the copper content. These steps help separate copper from the iron and sulfur present in chalcopyrite.

Key steps in copper extraction from chalcopyrite:
  • Crushing and Grinding: The ore is crushed and ground to liberate copper minerals from the gangue materials.
  • Concentration: Through froth flotation, copper minerals are separated from the waste rock.
  • Smelting: A high-temperature process where the concentrated ore is heated, resulting in the separation of copper from iron and sulfur. The sulfur gases escape into the atmosphere, while the iron forms slag that is removed.
  • Refining: Further purification is done through electrolysis, producing high-purity copper.
These processes are vital for transforming raw chalcopyrite into usable copper metal. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing the complexities involved in mining operations and the importance of efficiency in these processes.

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