91Ó°ÊÓ

Are racemic mixtures homogeneous or heterogeneous?

Can a mixture of enantiomers rotate plane-polarized light? Explain your answer.

Which better explains the visible emission spectra of molecular substances: valence bond theory or molecular orbital theory?

Which better explains the magnetic properties of molecular substances: valence bond theory or molecular orbital theory?

Do all \(\pi\) molecular orbitals result from the overlap of \(p\) atomic orbitals?

Are s atomic orbitals with different principal quantum numbers \((n)\) as likely to overlap and form MOs as s atomic orbitals with the same value of \(n ?\)

Make a sketch showing how two 1 s orbitals overlap to form a \(\sigma_{1,}\) bonding molecular orbital and a \(\sigma_{1,}^{*}\) antibonding molecular orbital.

Make a sketch showing how two \(2 p_{y}\) orbitals overlap "sideways" to form a \(\pi_{2 p}\) bonding molecular orbital and a \(\pi_{2 p}^{*}\) antibonding molecular orbital.

Use MO theory to predict the bond orders of the following molecular ions: \(\mathrm{N}_{2}^{+}, \mathrm{O}_{2}^{+}, \mathrm{C}_{2}^{+},\) and \(\mathrm{Br}_{2}^{2-} .\) Do you expect any of the species to exist?

Diatomic noble gas molecules, such as \(\mathrm{He}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{Ne}_{2},\) do not exist. Would removing an electron create molecular ions, such as \(\mathrm{He}_{2}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{Ne}_{2}^{+},\) that are more stable than \(\mathrm{He}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{Ne}_{2} ?\)