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If \(0.100 M\) aqueous solutions of each of these compounds were prepared, which one would have the lowest pH? (a) \(\mathrm{BaCl}_{2} ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{LiCl} ;\) (c) \(\mathrm{KCl} ;\) (d) \(\mathrm{TiCl}_{4}\)

Short Answer

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(a) BaCl鈧 (b) LiCl (c) KCl (d) TiCl鈧 Answer: (d) TiCl鈧

Step by step solution

01

Identify acidic/basic behavior of compounds

We first need to identify the acidic or basic behavior of each compound. For this, we look at their chemical formulas and the ions they dissociate into when in solution. (a) BaCl鈧 -> Ba虏鈦 + 2Cl鈦 This compound dissociates into a barium ion (Ba虏鈦) and two chloride ions (Cl鈦). Neither of these ions are acidic or basic, so BaCl鈧 is a neutral salt. (b) LiCl -> Li鈦 + Cl鈦 This compound dissociates into a lithium ion (Li鈦) and a chloride ion (Cl鈦). Neither of these ions are acidic or basic, so LiCl is a neutral salt. (c) KCl -> K鈦 + Cl鈦 This compound dissociates into a potassium ion (K鈦) and a chloride ion (Cl鈦). Neither of these ions are acidic or basic, so KCl is a neutral salt. (d) TiCl鈧 -> Ti鈦粹伜 + 4Cl鈦 This compound dissociates into a titanium ion (Ti鈦粹伜) and four chloride ions (Cl鈦). The titanium ion has a strong charge of +4 and can undergo hydrolysis to produce H鈦 ions in solution, making this compound acidic. Ti鈦粹伜 + 4H鈧侽 -> Ti(OH)鈧 + 4H鈦
02

Comparing the pH of the solutions

Now that we have identified the acidic or basic behavior of each compound, we can compare their pH values. The neutral salts (BaCl鈧, LiCl, and KCl) will have a pH of 7, as they do not produce H鈦 or OH鈦 ions in the solution. However, the TiCl鈧 compound is acidic and will have a pH lower than 7, as it produces H鈦 ions in the solution through the hydrolysis reaction of Ti鈦粹伜 ions.
03

Determining the compound with the lowest pH

Since TiCl鈧 is the only compound that produces H鈦 ions in the solution and has a pH lower than 7, it is the compound with the lowest pH among the given options. So the answer is (d) TiCl鈧.

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