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Chapter 16: Problem 73

Which, if any, aqueous solutions of the following chloride compounds are acidic? (a) \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2} ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{CrCl}_{3} ;\) (c) \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) (d) \(\mathrm{FeCl}_{3}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The acidic aqueous solutions are formed by (b) CrCl鈧� and (d) FeCl鈧�.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Analyzing \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\)

For \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\), Calcium (Ca虏鈦�) is not a highly electronegative ion, and its bond with chloride ions (Cl鈦�) is an ionic bond. When dissolved in water, it forms: \(\mathrm{CaCl}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{Ca^{2+}} + 2\mathrm{Cl^-}\) Neither the calcium nor the chloride ions can produce H鈧僌鈦� in water. Therefore, the solution will not create an acidic solution.
02

(b) Analyzing \(\mathrm{CrCl}_{3}\)

For \(\mathrm{CrCl}_{3}\), Chromium (Cr鲁鈦�) is a transition metal with higher electronegativity compared to \(\mathrm{Ca^{2+}}\). When dissolved in water, it forms: \(\mathrm{CrCl}_3 \rightarrow \mathrm{Cr^{3+}} + 3\mathrm{Cl^-}\) Chromium ions (\(\mathrm{Cr^{3+}}\)) can hydrolyze by removing protons (H鈦�) from water molecules, which leads to an increase in H鈧僌鈦� concentration: \(\mathrm{Cr^{3+}} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{OH})^{2+} + \mathrm{H_3O^+}\) Therefore, the solution of \(\mathrm{CrCl}_{3}\) will be acidic.
03

(c) Analyzing \(\mathrm{NaCl}\)

For \(\mathrm{NaCl}\), Sodium (Na鈦�) is not a highly electronegative ion, and its bond with chloride ions (Cl鈦�) is an ionic bond. When dissolved in water, it forms: \(\mathrm{NaCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na^+} + \mathrm{Cl^-}\) Neither the sodium nor the chloride ions can produce H鈧僌鈦� in water. Therefore, the solution will not create an acidic solution.
04

(d) Analyzing \(\mathrm{FeCl}_{3}\)

For \(\mathrm{FeCl}_{3}\), Iron (Fe鲁鈦�) is a transition metal with higher electronegativity compared to \(\mathrm{Ca^{2+}}\). When dissolved in water, it forms: \(\mathrm{FeCl}_3 \rightarrow \mathrm{Fe^{3+}} + 3\mathrm{Cl^-}\) Iron ions (\(\mathrm{Fe^{3+}}\)) can hydrolyze by removing protons (H鈦�) from water molecules, which leads to an increase in H鈧僌鈦� concentration: \(\mathrm{Fe^{3+}} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{OH})^{2+} + \mathrm{H_3O^+}\) Therefore, the solution of \(\mathrm{FeCl}_{3}\) will be acidic. In conclusion, the aqueous solutions of \(\mathrm{CrCl}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{FeCl}_{3}\) are acidic.

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