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Chapter 10: Q.10.88 (page 359)

Determine the pH for the following solutions:
a. $[{OH}^{鈭�}] = 1.0 脳 10^{鈭� 7} M$
b. $[H_{3} O^{+}] = 4.2 脳 10^{鈭� 3} M$
c. $[H_{3} O^{+}] = 0.0001 M$
d. $[{OH}^{鈭�}] = 8.5 脳 10^{鈭� 9} M$

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part a. $7$

Part b. $2.38$

Part c. $4$

Part d. $5.93$

Step by step solution

01

Given Information (Part a)

pH or potential of hydrogen is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of a fluid solution. Acidic solutions are estimated to have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions

02

Explanation Part (a)

We know,

$[{OH}^{鈭�}] = 1 脳 10^{鈭� 7} M$

Calculating $H_{3} O^{+}$ ,

role="math" localid="1653144138454" $[H_{3} O^{+}] = \frac{1 脳 10^{鈭� 14}}{[{OH}^{鈭�}]} = \frac{1 脳 10^{- 14}}{1 脳 10^{- 7}} = 1 脳 10^{- 7} M$

Using,

$pH = 鈭� \log 鈦� [H_{3} O^{+}]$

$pH = 鈭� \log 鈦� (1 脳 10^{鈭� 7}) p H = 7$

03

Explanation Part (b)

We know,

$[H_{3} O^{+}] = 4.2 脳 10^{鈭� 3} M$

Using,

$pH = 鈭� \log 鈦� [H_{3} O^{+}]$

$pH = 鈭� \log 鈦� (4.2 脳 10^{鈭� 3}) p H = 2.38$

04

Explanation Part (c)

We know,

$[H_{3} O^{+}] = 0.0001 M$

Using,

$pH = 鈭� l o g 鈦� [H_{3} O^{+}]$

$pH = 鈭� \log 鈦� (0.0001) p H = 4$

05

Explanation Part (d)

We know,

$O H^{-} = 8.5 脳 10^{鈭� 9}$

Calculating $H_{3} O^{+}$ ,

$[H_{3} O^{+}] = \frac{1 脳 10^{鈭� 14}}{[{OH}^{鈭�}]} = \frac{1 脳 10^{鈭� 14}}{8.5 脳 10^{鈭� 9}} = 1.17 脳 10^{鈭� 6} M$

Using,

$pH = 鈭� \log 鈦� [H_{3} O^{+}]$

$pH = 鈭� \log 鈦� (1.17 脳 10^{鈭� 6}) p H = 5.93$

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Identify the reactant that is a Br酶nsted-Lowry acid and the reactant that is a Br酶nsted-Lowry base in each of the following:

a. $HI (a q) + H_{2} O (l) 鉄� I^{-} (a q) + H_{3} O^{+} (a q)$

b. $F^{-} (a q) + H_{2} O (l) 鈬� HF (a q) + {OH}^{-} (a q)$

Consider the buffer system of nitrous acid, ${HNO}_{2}$ , and its salt, ${NaNO}_{2}$ .

${HNO}_{2} (a q) + H_{2} O (l) 鈬� H_{3} O^{+} (a q) + {NO}_{2}^{-} (a q)$

a. The purpose of this buffer system is to:

1. maintain $[{HNO}_{2}]$

2. maintain $[{NO}_{2}^{-}]$

3. maintain $pH$

b. The weak acid is needed to:

1. provide the conjugate base

2. neutralize added ${OH}^{-}$

3. provide the conjugate acid

c. If $H_{3} O^{+}$ is added, it is neutralized by:

1. the salt

2. $H_{2} O$

3. ${OH}^{-}$

d. When ${OH}^{-}$ is added, the equilibrium shifts in the direction of the:

1. reactants

2. products

3. does not change

What is meant by the term reversible reaction?

1. Write the formula for the conjugate acid for each of the following bases:

a. ${CO}_{3}^{2 -}$

b. $H_{2} O$

c. $H_{2} {PO}_{4}^{-}$

d. ${Br}^{-}$

If you know the $[{OH}^{-}]$ , how can you determine the pH of a solution?

See all solutions

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