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Do the following events represent business transactions?

Explain your answer in each case

  1. A computer is purchased on account.
  2. A customer returns merchandise and is given credit on account.
  3. A prospective employee is interviewed
  4. The owner of the business withdraws cash from the business for personal use.
  5. Merchandise is ordered for delivery next month.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Option (a), (b), (d), and (e) are business transactions involving monetary value and double-entry effect on accounting.

Option (c) is not a business transaction.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Business Transaction

Business Transactions are transactions that involve a certain sum of money or monetary terms of financial value supported by a financial instrument or document with the effect of double entry in books of accounts.

02

(a) A Computer is purchased on account.

It is a business transaction since a fixed asset computer is purchased on account, creating a credit purchase.

Purchase A/C Dr

To Creditors A/C

(Being computer purchased on account)

03

(b) A customer returns merchandise and is given credit on account.

Merchandise refers to goods returned, which is 鈥淧urchase returns鈥 on goods purchased on credit earlier. So, it is a business transaction since it involves double-entry of accounting and a certain sum of monetary terms.

Creditors A/C Dr

To Purchase Returns A/C

(Being customer returns goods and is given credit)

04

(c) A prospective employee is interviewed.

This is not a business transaction because

  • It does not contain monetary value to the transaction
  • It is an agreement between employee and employer & not a transaction
  • It is just an interview process involving oral or written communication.
05

(d) The owner of the business withdraws cash from the business for personal use.

The cash used is for personal purposes only, but that cash is withdrawn from business for personal use, which means its 鈥淒rawings.鈥 So, it鈥檚 a business transaction, and it must be accounted for in books as,

Drawings A/C Dr

To Cash A/C

(Being cash withdrawn from business for personal use)

06

(e) Merchandise is ordered for delivery next month.

Merchandise refers to any products for sale or buy. Any business would order goods for resale or utilize raw material to produce the final product for sale. In any of the case, the goods ordered are considered as 鈥淚nventory鈥 and is debited. Cash or Creditors account is credited depending on purchase terms.

It is a business transaction since it involves the monetary value of goods purchased.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Becker Ltd. is planning to adopt IFRS and prepare its first IFRS financial statements at December 31, 2018. What is the date of Becker鈥檚 opening balance sheet, assuming one year of comparative information? What periods will be covered in Becker鈥檚 first IFRS financial statements?

E3-1 (L02) (Transaction Analysis鈥擲ervice Company) Beverly Crusher is a licensed CPA. During the first month of operations of her business (a sole proprietorship), the following events and transactions occurred.April 2 Invested \(32,000 cash and equipment valued at \)14,000 in the business.2 Hired an administrative assistant at a salary of \(290 per week payable monthly.3 Purchased supplies on account \)700. (Debit an asset account.)7 Paid office rent of \(600 for the month.11 Completed a tax assignment and billed client \)1,100 for services rendered. (Use Service Revenue account.)12 Received \(3,200 advance on a management consulting engagement.17 Received cash of \)2,300 for services completed for Ferengi Co.21 Paid insurance expense \(110.30 Paid administrative assistant \)1,160 for the month.30 A count of supplies indicated that \(120 of supplies had been used.30 Purchased a new computer for \)6,100 with personal funds. (The computer will be used exclusively for business purposes.)InstructionsJournalize the transactions in the general journal. (Omit explanations.)

The following are the trial balance and the other information related to Yorkis Perez, a consulting engineer.

YORKIS PEREZ, CONSULTING ENGINEER .
TRIAL BALANCE
DECEMBER 31, 2017

Debit

Credit

Cash

\( 29,500

Accounts Receivable

49,600

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

\) 750

Supplies

1,960

Prepaid Insurance

1,100

Equipment

25,000

Accumulated Depreciation鈥擡quipment

6,250

Notes Payable

7,200

Owner鈥檚 Capital

35,010

Service Revenue

100,000

Rent Expense

9,750

Salaries and Wages Expense

30,500

Utilities Expenses

1,080

Office Expense

720

\(149,210

\)149,210

  1. Fees received in advance from clients \(6,000, which were recorded as revenue.
  2. Services performed for clients that were not recorded by December 31, \)4,900.
  3. Bad debt expense for the year is \(1,430.
  4. Insurance expired during the year \)480.
  5. Equipment is being depreciated at 10% per year.
  6. Yorkis Perez gave the bank a 90-day, 10% note for \(7,200 on December 1, 2017.
  7. Rent of the building is \)750 per month. The rent for 2017 has been paid, as has that for January 2018, and recorded as Rent Expense.
  8. Office salaries and wages earned but unpaid December 31, 2017, \(2,510.

Instructions

  1. From the trial balance and other information given, prepare annual adjusting entries as of December 31, 2017. (Omit explanations.)
  2. Prepare an income statement for 2017, a statement of owner鈥檚 equity, and a classified balance sheet. Yorkis Perez withdrew \)17,000 cash for personal use during the year.

Is it necessary that a trial balance be taken periodically? What purpose does it serve?

On January 1, 2017, Norma Smith and Grant Wood formed a computer sales and service company in Soapsville, Arkansas, by investing \(90,000 cash. The new company, Arkansas Sales and Service, has the following transactions during January.

1. Pays \)6,000 in advance for 3 months鈥 rent of office, showroom, and repair space.

2. Purchases 40 personal computers at a cost of \(1,500 each, 6 graphics computers at a cost of \)2,500 each, and 25 printers at a cost of \(300 each, paying cash upon delivery

3. Sales, repair, and office employees earn \)12,600 in salaries and wages during January, of which \(3,000 was still payable at the end of January.

4. Sells 30 personal computers at \)2,550 each, 4 graphics computers for \(3,600 each, and 15 printers for \)500 each; \(75,000 is received in cash in January, and \)23,400 is sold on a deferred payment basis.

5. Other operating expenses of \(8,400 are incurred and paid for during January; \)2,000 of incurred expenses are payable at January 31.

Instructions

  1. Using the transaction data above, prepare (1) a cash-basis income statement and (2) an accrual-basis income statement for the month of January.
  2. Using the transaction data above, prepare (1) a cash-basis balance sheet and (2) an accrual-basis balance sheet as of January 31, 2017.
  3. Identify the items in the cash-basis financial statements that make cash-basis accounting inconsistent with the theory underlying the elements of financial statements.
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