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(Effect of Transactions on Financial Statements and Ratios) The transactions listed below relate to Wainwright Inc. You are to assume that on the date on which each of the transactions occurred, the corporation鈥檚 accounts showed only common stock (\(100 par) outstanding, a current ratio of 2.7:1, and a substantial net income for the year to date (before giving effect to the transaction concerned). On that date, the book value per share of stock was \)151.53.

Each numbered transaction on the next page is to be considered completely independent of the others, and its related answer should be based on the effect(s) of that transaction alone. Assume that all numbered transactions occurred during 2018 and that the amount involved in each case is sufficiently material to distort reported net income if improperly included in the determination of net income. Assume further that each transaction was recorded in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and, where applicable, in conformity with the all-inclusive concept of the income statement.

For each of the numbered transactions you are to decide whether it:

  1. Increased the corporation鈥檚 2018 net income.
  2. Decreased the corporation鈥檚 2018 net income.
  3. Increased the corporation鈥檚 total retained earnings directly (i.e., not via net income).
  4. Decreased the corporation鈥檚 total retained earnings directly.
  5. Increased the corporation鈥檚 current ratio.
  6. Decreased the corporation鈥檚 current ratio.
  7. Increased each stockholder鈥檚 proportionate share of total stockholders鈥 equity.
  8. Decreased each stockholder鈥檚 proportionate share of total stockholders鈥 equity.
  9. Increased each stockholder鈥檚 equity per share of stock (book value).
  10. Decreased each stockholder鈥檚 equity per share of stock (book value).
  11. Had none of the foregoing effects.

Instructions

List the numbers 1 through 9. Select as many letters as you deem appropriate to reflect the effect(s) of each transaction as of the date of the transaction by printing beside the transaction number the letter(s) that identifies that transaction鈥檚 effect(s).

Transactions

2) The corporation sold at a profit land and a building that had been idle for some time. Under the terms of the sale, the corporation received a portion of the sales price in cash immediately, the balance maturing at 6-month intervals.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The transaction includes (a), (e) and (i).

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Financial Statements

Financial statements are reports generated by a company's management to demonstrate the company's financial performance and position at a certain moment in time. A balance sheet, income statements, statement of owner's equity, and statement of cash flows are usually included in a general-purpose collection of financial statements.

02

Mentioning the effect of the transaction

The following effect can be seen in the statements.

  1. Increased the corporation鈥檚 2018 net income
  2. Increased the corporation鈥檚 current ratio.
  3. Increased each stockholder鈥檚 equity per share of stock (book value).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(Horizontal and Vertical Analysis) Presented below is the comparative balance sheet for Gilmour Company.

GILMOUR COMPANY

COMPARATIVE BALANCE SHEET

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

December 31

2018

2017

Assets

Cash

\( 180,000

\) 275,000

Accounts receivable (net)

220,000

155,000

Short-term investments

270,000

150,000

Inventories

1,060,000

980,000

Prepaid expenses

25,000

25,000

Plant & equipment

2,585,000

1,950,000

Accumulated depreciation

(1,000,000)

(750,000)

\(3,340,000

(2,785,000)

Liabilities and Stockholders鈥 Equity

Accounts payable

\) 50,000

\( 75,000

Accrued expenses

170,000

200,000

Bonds payable

450,000

190,000

Common stock

2,100,000

1,770,000

Retained earnings

570,000

550,000

\)3,340,000

(2,785,000)

Instructions

(Round to two decimal places.)

  1. Prepare a comparative balance sheet of Gilmour Company showing the dollar change and the percent change for each item.

The following information was described in a note of Canon Packing Co.

鈥淒uring August, Holland Products Corporation purchased 311,003 shares of the Company鈥檚 common stock which constitutes approximately 35% of the stock outstanding. Holland has since obtained representation on the Board of Directors.鈥

鈥淎n affiliate of Holland Products Corporation acts as a food broker for Canon Packing in the greater New York City marketing area. The commissions for such services after August amounted to approximately $20,000.鈥

Why is this information disclosed?

What is the full disclosure principle in accounting? Why has disclosure increased substantially in the last 10 years?

Okay. Last fall, someone with a long memory and an even longer arm reached into that bureau drawer and came out with a moldy cheese sandwich and the equally moldy notion of corporate forecasts. We tried to find out what happened to the cheese sandwich鈥攂ut, rats!, even recourse to the Freedom of Information Act didn鈥檛 help. However, the forecast proposal was dusted off, polished up and found quite serviceable. The SEC, indeed, lost no time in running it up the old flagpole鈥攂ut no one was very eager to salute. Even after some of the more objectionable features鈥攃ompulsory corrections and detailed explanations of why the estimates went awry鈥攚ere peeled off the original proposal.

Seemingly, despite the Commission鈥檚 smiles and sweet talk, those craven corporations were still afraid that an honest mistake would lead them down the primrose path to consent decrees and class action suits. To lay to rest such qualms, the Commission last week approved a 鈥淪afe Harbor鈥 rule that, providing the forecasts were made on a reasonable basis and in good faith, protected corporations from litigation should the projections prove wide of the mark (as only about 99% are apt to do).

Instructions

  1. What are the arguments for preparing profit forecasts?

What is a performance obligation, and how is it used to determine when revenue should be recognized?

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