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(Effect of Transactions on Financial Statements and Ratios) The transactions listed below relate to Wainwright Inc. You are to assume that on the date on which each of the transactions occurred, the corporation鈥檚 accounts showed only common stock (\(100 par) outstanding, a current ratio of 2.7:1, and a substantial net income for the year to date (before giving effect to the transaction concerned). On that date, the book value per share of stock was \)151.53.

Each numbered transaction on the next page is to be considered completely independent of the others, and its related answer should be based on the effect(s) of that transaction alone. Assume that all numbered transactions occurred during 2018 and that the amount involved in each case is sufficiently material to distort reported net income if improperly included in the determination of net income. Assume further that each transaction was recorded in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and, where applicable, in conformity with the all-inclusive concept of the income statement.

For each of the numbered transactions you are to decide whether it:

  1. Increased the corporation鈥檚 2018 net income.
  2. Decreased the corporation鈥檚 2018 net income.
  3. Increased the corporation鈥檚 total retained earnings directly (i.e., not via net income).
  4. Decreased the corporation鈥檚 total retained earnings directly.
  5. Increased the corporation鈥檚 current ratio.
  6. Decreased the corporation鈥檚 current ratio.
  7. Increased each stockholder鈥檚 proportionate share of total stockholders鈥 equity.
  8. Decreased each stockholder鈥檚 proportionate share of total stockholders鈥 equity.
  9. Increased each stockholder鈥檚 equity per share of stock (book value).
  10. Decreased each stockholder鈥檚 equity per share of stock (book value).
  11. Had none of the foregoing effects.

Instructions

List the numbers 1 through 9. Select as many letters as you deem appropriate to reflect the effect(s) of each transaction as of the date of the transaction by printing beside the transaction number the letter(s) that identifies that transaction鈥檚 effect(s).

Transactions

3) Treasury stock originally repurchased and carried at \(127 per share was sold for cash at \)153 per share.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The transaction includes (e), (h), and (i).

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Accounting Ratios

Accounting ratios refer to a variety of ratios used by accountants to assess profitability, liquidity, and future financial hardship in a company's financial statements. Accountants and financial experts utilize the ratios to communicate and examine issues or accomplishments over a set period of time.

02

Mentioning the effect of the transaction

The following transaction should be included for the above effect

  1. Increased the corporation鈥檚 current ratio
  2. Decreased each stockholder鈥檚 proportionate share of total stockholders鈥 equity.
  3. Increased each stockholder鈥檚 equity per share of stock (book value).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Olga Conrad, a financial writer, noted recently, 鈥淭here are substantial arguments for including earnings projections in annual reports and the like. The most compelling is that it would give anyone interested something now available to only a relatively select few鈥攍ike large stockholders, creditors, and attentive bartenders.鈥 Identify some arguments against providing earnings projections.

Madrasah Corporation issued its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, on March 10, 2018. The following events took place early in 2018.

  1. On January 10, 10,000 shares of \(5 par value common stock were issued at \)66 per share.
  2. On March 1, Madrasah determined after negotiations with the Internal Revenue Service that income taxes payable for 2017 should be \(1,270,000. On December 31, 2017, income taxes payable were recorded at \)1,100,000.

Instructions

Discuss how the preceding post-balance-sheet events should be reflected in the 2017 financial statements.

Answer each of the questions in the following unrelated situations.

c) A company has current assets of \(90,000 (of which \)40,000 is inventory and prepaid items) and current liabilities of \(40,000. What is the current ratio? What is the acid-test ratio? If the company borrows \)15,000 cash from a bank on a 120-day loan, what will its current ratio be? What will the acid-test ratio be?

Picasso Company is a wholesale distributor of packaging equipment and supplies. The company鈥檚 sales have averaged about \(900,000 annually for the 3-year period 2015鈥2017. The firm鈥檚 total assets at the end of 2017 amounted to \)850,000.

The president of Picasso Company has asked the controller to prepare a report that summarizes the financial aspects of the company鈥檚 operations for the past 3 years. This report will be presented to the board of directors at their next meeting.

In addition to comparative financial statements, the controller has decided to present a number of relevant financial ratios which can assist in the identification and interpretation of trends. At the request of the controller, the accounting staff has calculated the following ratios for the 3-year period 2015鈥2017.

2015

2016

2017

Current ratio

1.80

1.89

1.96

Acid-test (quick) ratio

1.04

0.99

0.87

Accounts receivable turnover

8.75

7.71

6.42

Inventory turnover

4.91

4.32

3.42

Debt to assets ratio

51.0%

46.0%

41.0%

Long-term debt to assets ratio

31.0%

27.0%

24.0%

Sales to fixed assets (fixed asset turnover)

1.58

1.69

1.79

Sales as a percent of 2015 sales

1.00

1.03

1.07

Gross margin percentage

36.0%

35.1%

34.6%

Net income to sales

6.9%

7.0%

7.2%

Return on assets

7.7%

7.7%

7.8%

Return on common stockholders鈥 equity

13.6%

13.1%

12.7%

In preparation of the report, the controller has decided first to examine the financial ratios independent of any other data to determine if the ratios themselves reveal any significant trends over the 3-year period.

Instructions

b) In terms of the ratios provided, what conclusion(s) can be drawn regarding the company鈥檚 use of financial leverage during the 2015鈥2017 period?

(Horizontal and Vertical Analysis) Presented below is the comparative balance sheet for Gilmour Company.

GILMOUR COMPANY

COMPARATIVE BALANCE SHEET

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

December 31

2018

2017

Assets

Cash

\( 180,000

\) 275,000

Accounts receivable (net)

220,000

155,000

Short-term investments

270,000

150,000

Inventories

1,060,000

980,000

Prepaid expenses

25,000

25,000

Plant & equipment

2,585,000

1,950,000

Accumulated depreciation

(1,000,000)

(750,000)

\(3,340,000

(2,785,000)

Liabilities and Stockholders鈥 Equity

Accounts payable

\) 50,000

\( 75,000

Accrued expenses

170,000

200,000

Bonds payable

450,000

190,000

Common stock

2,100,000

1,770,000

Retained earnings

570,000

550,000

\)3,340,000

(2,785,000)

Instructions

(Round to two decimal places.)

  1. Of what value is the additional information provided in part (a)?
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