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Okay. Last fall, someone with a long memory and an even longer arm reached into that bureau drawer and came out with a moldy cheese sandwich and the equally moldy notion of corporate forecasts. We tried to find out what happened to the cheese sandwich鈥攂ut, rats!, even recourse to the Freedom of Information Act didn鈥檛 help. However, the forecast proposal was dusted off, polished up and found quite serviceable. The SEC, indeed, lost no time in running it up the old flagpole鈥攂ut no one was very eager to salute. Even after some of the more objectionable features鈥攃ompulsory corrections and detailed explanations of why the estimates went awry鈥攚ere peeled off the original proposal.

Seemingly, despite the Commission鈥檚 smiles and sweet talk, those craven corporations were still afraid that an honest mistake would lead them down the primrose path to consent decrees and class action suits. To lay to rest such qualms, the Commission last week approved a 鈥淪afe Harbor鈥 rule that, providing the forecasts were made on a reasonable basis and in good faith, protected corporations from litigation should the projections prove wide of the mark (as only about 99% are apt to do).

Instructions

  1. What are the arguments for preparing profit forecasts?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Profit forecasting helps in planning the company's growth strategy.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Profit Forecast

Profit forecasting refers to the estimate of future earnings after taking into account all of the elements that influence the magnitude of a company's profits, such as pricing policies, costing policies, and depreciation policies, among others.

02

Explaining the arguments for-profit forecasting

Arguments for mandating projections to be disclosed include:

  1. Investment decisions are founded on future expectations; hence, knowing what to expect in the future can help you make better judgments.
  2. Forecasts are already being passed about informally, but they are unregulated, usually inaccurate, and may not be available to all investors equally. This jumbled issue has to be straightened up.
  3. As circumstances change so quickly these days, prior data is no longer a reliable predictor.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Edna Millay Inc. is a manufacturer of electronic components and accessories with total assets of $20,000,000. Selected financial ratios for Millay and the industry averages for firms of similar size are presented below.

Edna Millay

2017 Industry

2015

2016

2017

Averages

Current ratio

2.09

2.27

2.51

2.24

Quick ratio

1.15

1.12

1.19

1.22

Inventory turnover

2.40

2.18

2.02

3.50

Net sales to stockholders鈥 equity

2.71

2.80

2.99

2.85

Return on common stockholders鈥 equity

0.14

0.15

0.17

0.11

Total liabilities to stockholders鈥 equity

1.41

1.37

1.44

0.95

Millay is being reviewed by several entities whose interests vary, and the company鈥檚 financial ratios are a part of the data being considered. Each of the parties listed below must recommend an action based on its evaluation of Millay鈥檚 financial position.

Archibald MacLeish Bank. The bank is processing Millay鈥檚 application for a new 5-year term note. Archibald MacLeish has been Millay鈥檚 banker for several years but must reevaluate the company鈥檚 financial position for each major transaction.

Robert Penn Warren. A brokerage firm specializing in the stock of electronics firms that are sold over-the-counter, Robert Penn Warren must decide if it will include Millay in a new fund being established for sale to Robert Penn Warren鈥檚 clients.

Working Capital Management Committee. This is a committee of Millay鈥檚 management personnel chaired by the chief operating officer. The committee is charged with the responsibility of periodically reviewing the company鈥檚 working capital position, comparing actual data against budgets, and recommending changes in strategy as needed.

Instructions

b) For each of the four entities, identify two financial ratios, from the ratios presented above that would be most valuable as a basis for its decision regarding Millay.

The following information was described in a note of Canon Packing Co.

鈥淒uring August, Holland Products Corporation purchased 311,003 shares of the Company鈥檚 common stock which constitutes approximately 35% of the stock outstanding. Holland has since obtained representation on the Board of Directors.鈥

鈥淎n affiliate of Holland Products Corporation acts as a food broker for Canon Packing in the greater New York City marketing area. The commissions for such services after August amounted to approximately $20,000.鈥

Why is this information disclosed?

Madrasah Corporation issued its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, on March 10, 2018. The following events took place early in 2018.

  1. On January 10, 10,000 shares of \(5 par value common stock were issued at \)66 per share.
  2. On March 1, Madrasah determined after negotiations with the Internal Revenue Service that income taxes payable for 2017 should be \(1,270,000. On December 31, 2017, income taxes payable were recorded at \)1,100,000.

Instructions

Discuss how the preceding post-balance-sheet events should be reflected in the 2017 financial statements.

(Horizontal and Vertical Analysis) Presented below is the comparative balance sheet for Gilmour Company.

GILMOUR COMPANY

COMPARATIVE BALANCE SHEET

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

December 31

2018

2017

Assets

Cash

\( 180,000

\) 275,000

Accounts receivable (net)

220,000

155,000

Short-term investments

270,000

150,000

Inventories

1,060,000

980,000

Prepaid expenses

25,000

25,000

Plant & equipment

2,585,000

1,950,000

Accumulated depreciation

(1,000,000)

(750,000)

\(3,340,000

(2,785,000)

Liabilities and Stockholders鈥 Equity

Accounts payable

\) 50,000

\( 75,000

Accrued expenses

170,000

200,000

Bonds payable

450,000

190,000

Common stock

2,100,000

1,770,000

Retained earnings

570,000

550,000

\)3,340,000

(2,785,000)

Instructions

(Round to two decimal places.)

  1. Of what value is the additional information provided in part (a)?

Jane Ellerby and Sam Callison are discussing the recent fraud that occurred at LowRental Leasing, Inc. The fraud involved the improper reporting of revenue to ensure that the company would have income in excess of $1 million. What is fraudulent financial reporting, and how does it differ from an embezzlement of company funds?

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