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Chapter 22: Q18E. (page 1312)

Peter Henning Tool Company鈥檚 December 31 year-end financial statements contained the following errors.

December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018

Ending inventory \(9,600 understated \)8,100 overstated

Depreciation expense \(2,300 understated 鈥�

An insurance premium of \)66,000 was prepaid in 2017 covering the years 2017, 2018, and 2019. The entire amount was charged to expense in 2017.

In addition, on December 31, 2018, fully depreciated machinery was sold for $15,000 cash, but the entry was not recorded until 2019.

There were no other errors during 2017 or 2018, and no corrections have been made for any of the errors. (Ignore income tax considerations.)

Instructions

(a) Compute the total effect of the errors on 2018 net income.

(b) Compute the total effect of the errors on the amount of Henning鈥檚 working capital at December 31, 2018.

(c) Compute the total effect of the errors on the balance of Henning鈥檚 retained earnings at December 31, 2018.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The effect on net income is $24,700, the effect on working capital is $28,900, and the effect on retained earnings will be $26,600.

Step by step solution

01

Computation of part A

Effect on 2015 net income over (under) statement

Understatement of 2017 ending Inventory

9,600

Overstatement of 2018 ending Inventory

8,100

Expensing of insurance premium in 2017

22,000

Failure to record sale of the fully depreciated machine in 2018

-15,000

The total effect of errors on net income

24,700

02

Computation of part B

Effect on working capital over (under) statement

Overstatement of 2018 ending Inventory

-8,100

Expensing of insurance premium in 2017 (prepaid Insurance)

-22,000

Sale of fully depreciated machine unrecorded

-15,000

Total effect on working capital (understated)

-28,900

03

Computation of part C

Effect on retained earnings over (under) statement

Overstatement of 2018 ending inventory

8,100

Understatement of depreciation expense in 2017

2,300

Expensing of insurance premium in 2017

-22,000

Failure to record sale of a fully depreciated machine in 2018

-15,000

Total effect on retained earnings (understated)

-26,600

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(Analysis of Various Accounting Changes and Errors) Katherine Irving, controller of Lotan Corp., is aware of a pronouncement on accounting changes. After reading the pronouncement, she is confused about what action should be taken on the following items related to Lotan Corp. for the year 2017.

1. In 2017, Lotan decided to change its policy on accounting for certain marketing costs. Previously, the company had chosen to defer and amortize all marketing costs over at least 5 years because Lotan believed that a return on these expenditures did not occur immediately. Recently, however, the time differential has considerably shortened, and Lotan is now expensing the marketing costs as incurred.

2. In 2017, the company examined its entire policy relating to the depreciation of plant equipment. Plant equipment had normally been depreciated over a 15-year period, but recent experience has indicated that the company was incorrect in its estimates and that the assets should be depreciated over a 20-year period.

3. One division of Lotan Corp., Hawthorne Co., has consistently shown an increasing net income from period to period. On closer examination of its operating statement, it is noted that bad debt expense and inventory obsolescence charges are much lower than in other divisions. In discussing this with the controller of this division, it has been learned that the controller has increased his net income each period by knowingly making low estimates related to the write-off of receivables and inventory.

4. In 2017, the company purchased new machinery that should increase production dramatically. The company has decided to depreciate this machinery on an accelerated basis, even though other machinery is depreciated on a straight-line basis.

5. All equipment sold by Lotan is subject to a 3-year warranty. It has been estimated that the expense ultimately to be incurred on these machines is 1% of sales. In 2017, because of a production breakthrough, it is now estimated that 陆 of 1% of sales is sufficient. In 2015 and 2016, warranty expense was computed as \(64,000 and \)70,000, respectively. The company now believes that these warranty costs should be reduced by 50%.

6. In 2017, the company decided to change its method of inventory pricing from average-cost to the FIFO method. The effect of this change on prior years is to increase 2015 income by \(65,000 and increase 2016 income by \)20,000.

Instructions Katherine Irving has come to you, as her CPA, for advice about the situations above. Prepare a report, indicating the appropriate accounting treatment that should be given for each of these situations.

What is the indirect effect of a change in accounting principle? Briefly describe the reporting of the indirect effects of a change in accounting principle.

(Change in Principle, Estimate) As a certified public accountant, you have been contacted by Joe Davison, CEO of Sports-Pro Athletics, Inc., a manufacturer of a variety of athletic equipment. He has asked you how to account for the following changes.

1. Sports-Pro appropriately changed its depreciation method for its machinery from the double-declining-balance method to the units-of-production method effective January 1, 2017.

2. Effective January 1, 2017, Sports-Pro appropriately changed the salvage values used in computing depreciation for its office equipment.

3. On December 31, 2017, Sports-Pro appropriately changed the specific subsidiaries constituting the group of companies for which consolidated financial statements are presented.

Instructions

Write a 1鈥�1.5 page letter to Joe Davison explaining how each of the above changes should be presented in the December 31, 2017, financial statements.

Oliver Corporation has owned stock of Conrad Corporation since 2014. At December 31, 2017, its balances related to this investment were:

Equity Investments \(185,000

Fair Value Adjustment (AFS) 34,000 Dr.

Accumulated Unrealized Holding Gain or Loss鈥擨ncome (recorded in Retained Earnings) 34,000 Cr.

On January 1, 2018, Oliver purchased additional stock of Conrad Company for \)475,000 and now has significant influence over Conrad. If the equity method had been used in 2014鈥�2017, Oliver鈥檚 share of income would have been $33,000 greater than dividends received. Prepare Oliver鈥檚 journal entries to record the purchase of the investment and the change to the equity method.

Which of the following is not classified as an accounting change by IFRS?

(a) Change in accounting policy.

(b) Change in accounting estimate.

(c) Errors in financial statements.

(d) None of the above
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