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A variance is a difference between an expected sum and the actual sum. Budgeting frequently involves adjustments, but every forecast will see some variability. When making a prediction, one may consistently have a favorable or unfavorable variance.

A variance's magnitude can be changed by changing the baseline on which it is based. For instance, the purchasing manager can advocate for a high baseline cost to produce favorable materials buy price differential. Due to the high standard, purchasing anything at a lower price is simple, producing beneficial results for the variance calculation. The creation of variations should therefore be strictly regulated.

Numerous potential deviations might be reported to management; therefore, the person providing this information should be informed only to send those variances that management can act to fix. There is less need to disclose the information if a deviation is trivial or cannot be fixed in the future.