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Chapter 2: Problem 22

An individual has the genotype \(A a B b C c\) and makes an abnormal gamete with the genotype \(A a B c\). Does this gamete violate the law of independent assortment or the law of segregation (or both)? Explain your answer.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The problematic gamete violates the law of segregation. It contains two alleles of the 'A' gene and lacks an allele for the 'C' gene, which contradicts the principle that each gamete should receive one allele from each gene pair during meiosis.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Original Genotype

The individual's original genotype is given as \(A a B b C c\), meaning there are two alleles of each gene (A-a, B-b, and C-c). Normally, during the formation of gametes, each gamete would receive one allele from each gene pair according to the law of segregation.
02

Analyzing the Abnormal Gamete

The abnormal gamete's genotype is given as \(A a B c\). In this genotype, the allele pair for genes 'A' and 'B' is intact, but the allele pair for gene 'C' is not; only the 'c' allele is present.
03

Evaluate against Mendelian Laws

The abnormal gamete's genotype does not violate the law of independent assortment as the alleles from each gene pair are still randomly assorted. However, it violates the law of segregation because it contains two alleles of the 'A' gene and lacks an allele for the 'C' gene. Gene pairs are meant to separate and distribute one allele to each gamete during meiosis, which has not happened here for the 'A' and 'C' genes.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

On rare occasions, an organism may have three copies of a chromosome and therefore has three copies of the genes on that chromosome (instead of the usual number of two copies). For such a rare organism, the alleles for each gene usually segregate so that a gamete will contain one or two copies of the gene. Let's suppose that a rare pea plant has three copies of the chromosome that carries the height gene. Its genotype is TTt. The plant is also heterozygous for the seed color gene, \(Y y\), which is found on a different chromosome. With regard to both genes, how many types of gametes can this plant make, and in what proportions? (Assume that it is equally likely that a gamete will contain one or two copies of the height gene.)

A cross was made between a white male dog and two different black females. The first female gave birth to eight black pups, and the second female gave birth to four white and three black pups. What are the likely genotypes of the male parent and the two female parents? Explain whether you are uncertain about any of the genotypes.

A true-breeding plant with round and green seeds was crossed to a true- breeding plant with wrinkled and yellow seeds. The \(\mathrm{F}_{1}\) plants were allowed to self-fertilize. What is the probability of obtaining the following plants in the \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) generation: two that have round, yellow seeds; one with round, green seeds; and two with wrinkled, green seeds?

With regard to genotypes, what is a true-breeding organism?

A pea plant that is heterozygous with regard to seed color (yellow is dominant to green) is allowed to self-fertilize. What are the predicted outcomes of genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?
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