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Chapter 12: Problem 9

What is the subunit composition of bacterial RNA polymerase holoenzyme? What are the functional roles of the different subunits?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The bacterial RNA polymerase holoenzyme is composed of five subunits: two 伪 subunits involved in enzyme assembly and transcription regulation, and 尾, 尾', 蟽 subunits, which form the enzyme's structure, hold the template DNA in place, and contribute to promoter recognition respectively.

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the subunit composition of the holoenzyme

The bacterial RNA polymerase holoenzyme is a multimeric enzyme consisting of five subunits, normally denoted as 伪, 伪, 尾, 尾', and 蟽. The enzyme is often represented as 伪2尾尾'蟽 to demonstrate the number of each subunit participating in the formation of the holoenzyme.
02

Function of Alpha Subunit

The 伪 subunit (comprised of two 伪 units) is involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase enzyme and in the regulation of transcription because it can interact with various transcriptional regulators.
03

Function of Beta and Beta Prime Subunits

The 尾 and 尾' subunits form the skeleton of the holoenzyme and create the site where RNA synthesis occurs. The 尾' subunit also holds the template DNA strand in place during transcription.
04

Function of Sigma Subunit

The 蟽 (sigma) subunit is involved in promoter recognition, guiding the rest of the enzyme to the beginning of the gene. It is released once the transcription process begins, allowing the core polymerase to proceed with the elongation of the RNA strand.

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