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Chapter 12: Problem 26

Describe the processing events that occur during the production of tRNA in E. coli.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Transfer RNA (tRNA) production in E. coli involves transcription of the tRNA gene into a precursor tRNA molecule, processing and modification of the precursor tRNA, and maturation of the tRNA into its final form that is ready for participation in protein synthesis.

Step by step solution

01

Initiation of Transcription

DNA sequence for the tRNA gene in the genome of E. coli is transcribed into a precursor tRNA, or pre-tRNA. This transcription process is initiated by the RNA polymerase binding to a specific sequence on the DNA known as the promoter.
02

Elongation

After the initiation, the RNA polymerase proceeds with the process of elongation where it synthesizes the pre-tRNA molecule, using the DNA strand as a template.
03

Termination

The transcription continues until the RNA polymerase reaches a termination sequence on the DNA. At this point, the RNA polymerase detaches from the DNA, signalling the end of transcription.
04

Pre-tRNA Processing

The pre-tRNA produced is then processed to form a functional tRNA molecule. This involves removal of extra nucleotides at both ends of the pre-tRNA molecule and addition of a 'CCA' sequence at the 3' end. This is done by various enzymes, such as RNase P and RNase D.
05

Base Modifications

Some of the nucleotides are then chemically modified at specific positions.
06

Formation of tRNA Structure

The processed tRNA then folds into a clover-leaf structure, which is the characteristic structure of tRNA.
07

Final Maturation

The tRNA is now fully mature and ready for participation in the process of translation, during which the tRNA helps to add the correct amino acids to the growing peptide chain in response to the codons in the mRNA script.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

At the molecular level, describe how \(\sigma\) factor recognizes a bacterial promoter. Be specific about the structure of \(\sigma\) factor and the type of chemical bonding.

Describe the allosteric and torpedo models for transcriptional termination of RNA polymerase II. Which model is more similar to \(\rho\)-dependent termination in bacteria and which model is more similar to \(\rho\)-independent termination?

The initiation phase of eukaryotic transcription via RNA polymerase II is considered an assembly and disassembly process. Which types of biochemical interactions-hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, and/or hydrophobic interactions-would you expect to drive the assembly and disassembly process? How would temperature and salt concentration affect assembly and disassembly?

A mutation within a gene sequence changes the start codon to a stop codon. How will this mutation affect the transcription of this gene?

What is the function of a splicing factor? Explain how splicing factors can regulate the cell-specific splicing of mRNAs.
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