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(a) How many turns of an伪 helix are required to span a lipid bilayer (-30 脜 across)? (b) What is the minimum number of residues required? (c) Why do most transmembrane helices contain more than the minimum number of residues?

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The number of turns of -helix required to span the lipid bilayer is approximately 30脜 is 5.6.
  2. The number of minimum residues formed during the single span of the lipid bilayer is 20 residues.
  3. The extra residues in the transmembrane form a helix, which partially meets the hydrogen bonding requirements.

Step by step solution

01

Phospholipid bilayer

A thin polar membrane made up of two layers of lipid molecules is known as a lipid bilayer or phospholipid bilayer.The membrane is made up of flat sheets of lipid molecules that create continuous layers.

If the polypeptide chain possesses hydrophobic side chains that engage the lipid tails and can protect its polar backbone, it can enter or traverse the lipid bilayer.

02

Explanation for part (a)

The width of a bilayer is 30A.

The length of a the single turn of 伪 helix is 5.4A.

On calculating,

No.ofturnsofhelix=WidthofthelipidbilayerWidthofthelipidbilayerinasingleturnofhelix=30A5.4A=5.6

03

Explanation for part (b)

The number of residues formed per turn of 伪helix is 3.6 residues.

The number of residues formed in 5.6 turns of 伪 helix is 5.63.6=20residues.

04

Explanation for part (c)

The transmembrane helices contain more than the minimum number of residues. The additional residues present in the transmembrane helices can form a helix.For protein folding to occur, hydrogen bonding is necessary.

Lipid head groups do not have any role in hydrogen bonding formation. However, the transmembrane helices' extra residues partially meet the hydrogen bonding criteria.

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