/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} 20P In order to consume and dispose ... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 9: 20P (page 290)

In order to consume and dispose of dying cells, macrophages (amoebalike white blood cells) recognize phosphatidylserine (PS) on the outer surface of the target cell. Why is PS a useful marker of a moribund cell?

Short Answer

Expert verified

In a dying cell, the phosphatidylserine (PS) moves to the extracellular (outer) surface of the cell. The presence of PS on the extracellular surface signals the macrophages to engulf that cell.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: Phosphatidylserine

Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid,which is a fatty molecule. It covers and protects your brain's cells while carrying signals between them. Phosphatidylserine is essential for maintaining mental and memory sharpness.

02

Phosphatidylserine as a useful marker of a moribund cell

Phosphatidylserine is a helpful diagnostic of a dying cell since it is found limited to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane in normal healthy cells and only on the outer surface of the target cell in apoptotic or dying cells. It is maintained in place by the enzyme flippaseon the cytosolic (inner) side of the cell membrane.

When a cell dies, phosphatidylserine is no longer bound to the cytosolic side; the enzyme scramblase participates in a catalytic mechanism that results in the rapid interchange of phosphatidylserine between the outer and inner sides. It works as a signal for the macrophages when it goes to the extracellular (outer) surface.

Hence, PS on the surface of a dying cell is a signal for macrophages for its engulfment.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Describe the labeling pattern of glycophorin A when a membrane-impermeable protein-labeling reagent is added to (a) a preparation of solubilized erythrocyte proteins; (b) intact erythrocyte ghosts; and (c) erythrocyte ghosts that are initially leaky and then immediately sealed and transferred to a solution that does not contain the labeling reagent.

Macropinocytosis is a variation of endocytosis in which cells take up large amounts of extracellular fluid, which accumulates in intracellular vesicles. The drug vacquinol stimulates macropinocytosis in the cells that form a glioblastoma, a type of tumor. Propose an explanation why excessive macropinocytosis would lead to cell death.

(a) Individuals with a certain one of the ABO blood types are said to be "universal donors," whereas those with another type are said to be "universal recipients." What are these blood types? Explain. (b) Antibodies are contained in blood plasma, which is blood with its red and white cells removed. Indicate the various compatibilities of blood plasma from an individual with one ABO blood type with an individual with a different ABO blood type. (c) Considering the answers to Parts a and b, why is it possible that there can be a universal donor and a universal recipient for a transfusion of whole blood?

Question: Most hormones, such as peptide hormones, exert their effects by binding to cell-surface receptors. However, steroid hormones do so by binding to cytosolic receptors. How is this possible?

What are the two types of secondary structures that occur in transmembrane proteins?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Biology Textbooks

Cellular Energetics

Read Explanation

Microbiology

Read Explanation

Control of Gene Expression

Read Explanation

Ecological Levels

Read Explanation

Biological Structures

Read Explanation

Substance Exchange

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.