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Chapter 20: Q5CP (page 671)

Question:What is the importance of lipoprotein lipase?

Short Answer

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Answer

Lipoprotein lipases are water-soluble enzymes that hydrolyze triglycerols present in the various lipoprotein to monoacylglycerol and fatty acids.

Step by step solution

01

Lipoprotein

Lipoproteins contain two types of lipids - triglycerides and cholesterol that are carried to body cells. They have a round structure made up of lipids and proteins synthesized in the liver and intestine.

02

Importance of lipoprotein lipase

Triglycerides present in the lipoproteins like chylomicrons and very-low-density protein (VLDP) are hydrolyzed to fatty acid and monoacylglycerol in the presence of lipoprotein lipase enzyme. It is a water-soluble enzyme that belongs to the lipase family.

Due to hydrolysis, chylomicrons shrink and are reduced to cholesterol-enriched chylomicron remnants. These remnants re-enter the blood circulation after dissociating from the capillary endothelium. They are then taken up by the liver.

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Question:Summarize the roles of the various lipoproteins in transporting triacylglycerols and cholesterol.

Which fatty acids were used to build the molecule shown here, which is synthesized by intestinal cells following a meal?

A child suffering from severe abdominal pain is admitted to the hospital several hours after eating a meal consisting of hamburgers, fried potatoes, and ice cream. Her blood has the appearance of "creamed tomato soup" and on analysis is found to contain massive quantities of chylomicrons. As the attending physician, what is your diagnosis of the patient's difficulty (the cause of the abdominal pain is unclear)? What treatment would you prescribe to alleviate the symptoms of this inherited disease?
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