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Chapter 14: Q4P (page 475)

Explain why cadmium and mercury are toxic to most organisms.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Cadmium and mercury can act as substitutes for zinc, disrupting functions controlled by zinc fingers.

Step by step solution

01

Cadmium

Chemical element cadmium has the atomic number and the letter Cd assigned to it. The two other stable metals in group 鈥攎ercury and zinc鈥攈ave chemical properties that are comparable to this delicate, silvery-white metal.

02

Explanation

Cadmium and mercury are heavy metals that belong to the same chemical family as zinc.

The zinc finger motif, which is vital for the function of many proteins, is formed by zinc, an essential cofactor. Because zinc fingers cannot work with any other ion, cadmium or mercury ions that can take the place of zinc prevent zinc fingers from functioning, rendering them hazardous.

Hence, mercury and cadmium are toxic to organisms.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: List the following substances in order of their increasing oxidizing power: (a) acetoacetate, (b) cytochrome b (Fe3+), (c) NAD+, (d) SO42- , and (e) pyruvate.

In the partial reactions shown below, is the reactant undergoing oxidation or reduction?

A hypothetical three-step metabolic pathway consists of intermediates W, X, Y, and Z and enzymes A, B, and C. Deduce the order of the enzymatic steps in the pathway from the following information:

1. Compound Q, a metabolic inhibitor of enzyme B, causes Z to build up.

2. A mutant in enzyme C requires Y for growth.

3. An inhibitor of enzyme A causes W, Y, and Z to accumulate.

4. Compound P, a metabolic inhibitor of enzyme C, causes W and Z to build up.

Citrate synthase catalyses the reaction

Oxaloacetate+acetyl-CoA鈫�citrate+HS-CoA

The standard free energy change for the reaction is role="math" localid="1660738017563" -31.5kJ路mol-1. (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 37oC. (b) Would you expect this reaction to serve as a control point for its pathway (the citric acid cycle)?

What are the metabolic roles of the coenzymes NAD+ and FAD?
See all solutions

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