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Any alteration of DNA that alters its coding characteristics or prevents it from performing, usually during transcription or replication, is referred to as DNA damage. DNA damage can be occurred by exposure to UV rays, mutation and abnormal cell division.

The body goes through a repairer's mechanism to correct mutations and errors. DNA repair is one of the processes by which a cell preserves the integrity of its genetic information. DNA repair makes it possible for kids to inherit parental DNA as faithfully as possible, which assures a species' survival. A person's health is also preserved by the DNA repair system present in cells. The two significant systems for repair are nucleotide excision repair and recombination DNA repair.

Recombinants repair the mechanism for generating a functioning DNA from 2 damaged molecules. It is an essential repair process for dividing cells because replication may admire at a damaged site, such as a thymine drainer, before the excision repairs system has eliminated damage. Hence, recombination repairs help repair double stranded DNA from simple drained DNA.