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The intermediates generated throughout the citric acid cycle are oxaloacetate, $\mathrm{Î\pm }$-ketoglutarate, and succinyl-CoA.

The term "replenishment" refers to the act of replenishing or recharging something.

The following methods are used to replace oxaloacetate, $\mathrm{Î\pm }$- ketoglutarate, and succinyl-CoA:

- The carboxylation of pyruvate can restore oxaloacetate. The enzyme pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes this reaction. In the presence of the enzyme aspartate transaminase, aspartate can also replace oxaloacetate through a transamination event.

-$\mathrm{Î\pm }$--ketoglutarate can be supplied by the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase transamination glutamate.

- In the presence of the enzyme methylmlonyl-CoA mutase, succinyl CoA can be supplied by beta-oxidation of fatty acids.