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Chapter 56: Q3TYU (page 1258)

Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms?

a. Emergent properties

b. Descent with modification

c. The structure and function of DNA

d. Natural selection

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The option 鈥渆mergent properties鈥� isfalse.
  2. The option 鈥渄escent with modification鈥� isfalse.
  3. The option 鈥渢he structure and function of DNA鈥� istrue.
  4. The option 鈥渘atural selection鈥� isfalse.

Step by step solution

01

Explanation of option “a”

Emergent properties are the property obtained by the combination of complex systems or simple elements. An example is the heart, which is a complex system with the main function of pumping blood and is made of heart cells, arteries, and veins that differ in properties.

Thus, the emergent properties are not the same in all organisms.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

02

Explanation of option “b”

The organism shares the standard ancestral features due to the descent with modifications. This inheritance of ancestral characteristics is the most crucial concept in the process of evolution and will differ with different ancestors.

Thus, the descent with modification is not common in all organisms.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

03

Explanation of option “c”

The genetic material is the DNA that is present in almost all eukaryotes. The structure and function of DNA are similar in all organisms. It is the biological substance that transfers the genetic information from one generation to the other generation.

Each gene will have a different pattern of arrangement of nucleotides, but the structure and composition remain similar. It consists of nucleotides such as adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine.

Thus, the structure and function of DNA are similar in all organisms.

Therefore, the given statement is true.

04

Explanation of option “d”

Natural selections are the phenomenon that occurs in the process of evolution. Darwin proposed the concept of natural selection.

In this process, the traits get selected by the natural environment. It helps in the sustenance of the population.

Thus, natural selection is not standard in all organisms. Therefore, the given statement is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The measurements taken at Mauna Loa represent average atmospheric CO2 concentrations for the Northern Hemisphere. Suppose you could measure CO2 concentrations under similar conditions in the Southern Hemisphere. What pattern would you expect to see in those measurements over the course of a year? Explain.

Question: Step 3 in Figure 9.9 is a significant point of regulation of glycolysis. ATP and related molecules allosterically regulate the enzyme phosphofructokinase (see Concept 8.5). Considering the overall result of glycolysis, would you expect ATP to inhibit or stimulate the activity of this enzyme? Explain. (Hint: Make sure you consider the role of ATP as an allosteric regulator, not as a substrate of the enzyme.)

Question: When electrons flow along the electron transport chain of mitochondria, which of the following changes occurs?

  1. The pH of the matrix increases.
  2. ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport.
  3. The electrons gain free energy.
  4. NAD+ is oxidized

Compare and contrast the structure and function of axons and dendrites.

The main cause of the increase in the amount of CO2 in Earth鈥檚 atmosphere over the past 150 years is

(A) increased worldwide primary production.

(B) increased worldwide standing crop.

(C) an increase in the amount of infrared radiation absorbed by the atmosphere.

(D) the burning of larger amounts of wood and fossil fuels.
See all solutions

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