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Chapter 8: Q5ITD (page 143)

Question: If your blood sugar level is low from skipping lunch, what reaction (discussed in this exercise) will occur in your liver cells? Write out the reaction and put the name of the enzyme over the reaction arrow. How will this reaction affect your blood sugar level?

Short Answer

Expert verified

In the liver cell, glucose-6-phosphate degrades to produce glucose and inorganic phosphate (Pi).

The blood sugar level increases in the body due to glucose synthesis.

Step by step solution

01

Effect of low blood sugar level on liver cells

When the blood sugar level decreases, glycogen in the liver is converted into glucose. The glycogen is converted into glucose -6-phosphate, which is further degraded by the enzymes into glucose and inorganic phosphate.

02

Action of glucose-6-phosphatase

Glucose-6-phosphatase is found in the liver cells of mammals. This enzyme plays an essential role in maintaining blood sugar levels. The enzyme acts on glucose-6-phosphate and degrades it to release glucose and phosphate ions in the liver cells.

03

Effect of glucose produced on blood sugar level

The glucose molecules produced in the liver cells are sent into the bloodstream. As a result, the blood sugar level increases. Thus, the action of glucose-6-phosphatase on glucose-6-phosphate increases the level of sugar in the blood.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following has more free energy: glutamic acid + ammonia + ATP or glutamine + ADP + Pi? Explain.

Question: Most cells cannot harness heat to perform work because

  1. heat does not involve a transfer of energy
  2. cells do not have much thermal energy; they are relatively cool
  3. temperature is usually uniform throughout a cell
  4. heat can never be used o do work

Question: Using a series of arrows, draw the branched metabolic reaction pathway described by the following statements, and then answer the question at the end. Use red arrows and minus signs to indicate inhibition.

L can form either M or N.

M can form O.

O can form either P or R.

P can form Q.

R can form S.

O inhibits the reaction of L to form M.

Q inhibits the reaction of O to form P.

S inhibits the reaction of O to form R.

Which reaction would prevail if both Q and S were present in the cell in high concentrations?

  1. \({\rm{L}}\, \to {\rm{M}}\)
  2. \({\rm{M}}\, \to {\rm{O}}\)
  3. \({\rm{L}}\, \to {\rm{N}}\)
  4. \({\rm{O}}\, \to {\rm{P}}\)

Question: Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because

  1. they are able to maintain a lower internal temperature.
  2. high temperatures make catalysis unnecessary.
  3. their enzymes have high optimal temperature.
  4. their enzymes are completely insensitive to temperature.

Question: Which of the following metabolic processes can occur without a net influx of energy from some other process?

  1. \({\rm{ADP}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,{\rm{Pi}}\, \to {\rm{ATP}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O}}\)
  2. \({{\rm{C}}_{\rm{6}}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{12}}}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{6}}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,{\rm{6}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{6C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ + 6}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O}}\)
  3. \({\rm{6C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ + 6}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O}} \to \,{{\rm{C}}_{\rm{6}}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{12}}}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{6}}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,\,{\rm{6}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\)
  4. \({\rm{Amino}}\,{\rm{acids}}\, \to {\rm{Proteins}}\)
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