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Chapter 8: Q1. (page 150)

Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen, which have high levels of energy, and releases CO2 and water, which have low levels of free energy. Is cellular respiration spontaneous or not? Is it exergonic or endergonic? What happens to the energy released from glucose?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Cellular respiration is a spontaneous process because it occurs without an input of energy.

It is an exergonic reaction because it releases energy from glucose molecules.

The energy released during cellular respiration is used to perform body activities such as muscle contraction.

Step by step solution

01

Cellular respiration is a spontaneous process

Reactions that occur without any requirement of energy from an outside source are called spontaneous reactions.Such reactions increase the entropy of the system. This means they are energetically favorable.

Cellular respiration is a spontaneous process because it occurs naturally in the absence of energy and increases entropy.

02

Cellular respiration is an exergonic reaction

The reactions that release free energy are called exergonic reactions. As energy is released during the exergonic reaction, these reactions occur spontaneously.

In cellular respiration, the reactants glucose and water have high free energy, whereas carbon dioxide and water have low free energy. So free energy is released during cellular respiration.

Thus, cellular respiration is a spontaneous and exergonic process.

03

Energy released in cellular respiration performs activities of the body

The breakdown of glucose using oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water is cellular respiration. This process releases energy which is captured in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

The ATP molecules produced are used to perform energy-driven processes in the body, such as transport of ions across the membrane, muscle contraction, firing of neurons, substrate phosphorylation, etc.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Next, you鈥檒l want to mark off the axes with just enough evenly spaced tick marks to accommodate the full set of data. Determine the range of data values for each axis. (a) What is the largest value to go on the x-axis? What is the reasonable spacing for the tick marks, and what should be the highest one? (b) What is the largest value to go on the y-axis? What is a reasonable spacing for the tick marks, and what should be the highest one?

Question: Which of the following metabolic processes can occur without a net influx of energy from some other process?

  1. \({\rm{ADP}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,{\rm{Pi}}\, \to {\rm{ATP}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O}}\)
  2. \({{\rm{C}}_{\rm{6}}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{12}}}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{6}}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,{\rm{6}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{6C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ + 6}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O}}\)
  3. \({\rm{6C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ + 6}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O}} \to \,{{\rm{C}}_{\rm{6}}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{12}}}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{6}}}\,{\rm{ + }}\,\,{\rm{6}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\)
  4. \({\rm{Amino}}\,{\rm{acids}}\, \to {\rm{Proteins}}\)

Question: Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes this sentence: Catabolism is to anabolism as __________ is to _________.

  1. exergonic; spontaneous
  2. exergonic; endergonic
  3. free energy; entropy
  4. work;energy

Question:How do an activator and an inhibitor have different effects on the allosterically regulated enzyme?

Question: If an enzyme is added to a solution where its substrate and product are in equilibrium, what will occur?

  1. Additional substrate will be formed.
  2. The reaction will change from endergonic to exergonic.
  3. The free energy of the system will change.
  4. Nothing; the reaction will stay at equilibrium.
See all solutions

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