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Chapter 15: Q. 21 (page 392)
A scientist sequencing mRNA identifies the following strand: CUAUGUGUCGUAACAGCCGAUGACCCG What is the sequence of the amino acid chain this mRNA makes when it is translated
Met Cys Arg Asn Ser Arg
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A normal mRNA that reads 5鈥� 鈥� UGCCAUGGUAAUAACACAUGAGGCCUGAAC鈥� 3鈥� has an insertion mutation that changes the sequence to 5鈥� -UGCCAUGGUUAAUAACACAUGAGGCCUGAAC鈥� 3鈥�. Translate the original mRNA and the mutated mRNA, and explain how insertion mutations can have dramatic effects on proteins. (Hint: Be sure to find the initiation site.)
. Which event contradicts the central dogma of molecular biology?
a. Poly-A polymerase enzymes process mRNA in the nucleus.
b. Endonuclease enzymes splice out and repair damaged DNA.
c. Scientists use reverse transcriptase enzymes to make DNA from RNA.
d. Codons specifying amino acids are degenerate and universal.
Which subunit of the E. coli polymerase confers specificity to transcription?
a. 伪
b. 尾
c. 尾'
d. 蟽
A scientist observes that a cell has an RNA polymerase deficiency that prevents it from making proteins. Describe three additional observations that would together support the conclusion that a defect in RNA polymerase I activity, and not problems with the other polymerases, causes the defect ?
Figure 15.13Errors in splicing are implicated in cancers and other human diseases. What kinds of mutations might lead to splicing errors? Think of different possible outcomes if splicing errors occur.
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