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Chapter 3: Q5DQ (page 573)
Two bodies made of the same material have the same external dimensions and appearance, but one is solid and the other is hollow. When their temperature is increased, is the overall volume expansion the same or different? Why?
The volume expansion is same for both the bodies.
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Aluminium rivets used in airplane construction are made slightly larger than the rivet holes and cooled by 鈥渄ry ice鈥� (solid CO2) before being driven. If the diameter of a hole is 4.500 mm, what should be the diameter of a rivet at 23.0潞C if its diameter is to equal that of the hole when the rivet is cooled to -78.0潞C, the temperature of dry ice? Assume that the expansion coefficient remains constant at the value given in Table 17.1.
A gas in a cylinder is held at a constant pressure of 1.80 x 105Pa and is cooled and compressed from 1.70m3 to 1.20 m3. The internal energy of the gas decreases by 1.40 x105J. (a) Find the work done by the gas. (b) Find the absolute value of the heat flow, |Q|, into or out of the gas, and state the direction of the heat flow. (c) Does it matter whether the gas is ideal? Why or why not?
Does a refrigerator full of food consume more power if the room temperature is than if it is? Or is the power consumption the same? Explain your reasoning.
A balloon of volume is to be filled with hydrogen at atmospheric pressure . (a) If the hydrogen is stored in cylinders with volumes of at a gauge pressure of , how many cylinders are required? Assume that the temperature of the hydrogen remains constant. (b) What is the total weight (in addition to the weight of the gas) that can be supported by the balloon if both the gas in the balloon and the surrounding air are at ? The molar mass of hydrogen . The density of air at and atmospheric pressure is . (c) What weight could be supported if the balloon were filled with helium (molar mass 4 g/mol ) instead of hydrogen, again at ?
A large tank of water has a hose connected to it. The tank is sealed at the top and has compressed air between the water surface and the top. When the water height h has the value 3.50 m , the absolute pressure p of the compressed air is . Assume that the air above the water expands at constant temperature, and take the atmospheric pressure to be (a) What is the speed with which water flows out of the hose when h = 3.50 m ? (b) As water flows out of the tank, h decreases. Calculate the speed of flow for h = 3.00m and for . (c) At what value of h does the flow stop?
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