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Chapter 3: Q19DQ (page 676)

Are the earth and sun in thermal equilibrium? Are there entropy changes associated with the transmission of energy from the sun to the earth? Does radiation differ from other modes of heat transfer with respect to entropy changes? Explain your reasoning.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The total entropy change for the sun-earth system is positive.

The radiation does not differ from other modes of heat transfer with respect to entropy changes. Because the radiation energy carries heat from the emitter to the absorber.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1:Concept of earth and sun equilibrium

The sun is far hotter than the earth. Therefore, the earth and sun are not in thermal equilibrium.

The sun radiates energy, which is then transported to the earth. The heat is carried from the emitter to the absorber via this radiation energy.

02

The earth and sun in thermal equilibrium

According to the concept of earth and sun equilibrium, the energy transfer from the sun to the earth is heat transfer from a hotter body to a colder body. Therefore, the entropy decrease for the sun is lower than the entropy increase on earth due to the earth's lower temperature.

Therefore, the total amount of entropy change the for the sun-earth system is positive

The radiation does not differ from other modes of heat transfer with respect to entropy changes.

Because the radiation energy carries heat from the emitter to the absorber.

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