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Chapter 3: Q11E (page 575)
The Humber Bridge in England has the world鈥檚 longest single span, 1410 m. Calculate the change in length of the steel deck of the span when the temperature increases from -5.0潞C to 18.0潞C.
The change in length of the steel deck when temperature increases from -5.0潞C to 18.0潞C is +0.39 m.
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You propose a new temperature scale with temperatures given in 掳M. You define 0.0掳M to be the normal melting point of mercury and 100.0掳M to be the normal boiling point of mercury. (a) What is the normal boiling point of water in 掳M? (b) A temperature change of 10.0 掳M corresponds to how many 掳C?
... CP Dark Nebulae and the Interstellar Medium.The dark area in Fig. P18.83 that appears devoid of stars is a dark nebula,a cold gas cloud in interstellar space that contains enough material to block out light from the stars behind it. A typical dark nebula is about light-years in diameter and contains about hydrogen atoms per cubic centimetre (monatomic hydrogen, nott) at about . (A light-year is the distance light travels in vacuum in one year and is equal to.) (a) Estimate the mean free path for a hydrogen atom in a dark nebula. The Radius of a hydrogen atom is . (b) Estimate the rms speed of a hydrogen atom and the mean free time (the average time between collisions for a given atom). Based on this result, do you think that atomic collisions, such as those leading to molecule formation, are very important in determining the composition of the nebula? (c) Estimate the pressure inside a dark nebula. (d) Compare the rms speed of a hydrogen atom to the escape speed at the surface of the nebula (assumed spherical). If the space around the nebula were a vacuum, would such a cloud be stable or would it tend to evaporate? (e) The stability of dark nebulae is explained by the presence of the interstellar medium(ISM), an even thinner gas that permeates space and in which the dark nebulae are embedded. Show that for dark nebulae to be in equilibrium with the ISM, the numbers of atoms per volume and the emperatures of dark nebulae and the ISM must be related by nebula
f) In the vicinity of the sun, the ISM contains about 1 hydrogen atom per . Estimate the temperature of the ISM in the vicinity of the sun. Compare to the temperature of the sun鈥檚 surface, about . Would a spacecraft coasting through interstellar space burn up? Why or why not?
A vessel whose walls are thermally insulated contains 2.40kg of water and 0.450kg of ice, all at . The outlet of a tube leading from a boiler in which water is boiling at atmospheric pressure is inserted into the water. How many grams of steam must condense inside the vessel (also at atmospheric pressure) to raise the temperature of the system to ? You can ignore the heat transferred to the container.
A thirsty nurse cools a 200 - Lbottle of a soft drink (mostly water) by pouring it into a large aluminum mug of mass 0.275 kgand adding 0.120 kgof ice initially at. If the soft drink and mug are initially at, what is the final temperature of the system, assuming that no heat is lost?
The inside of an oven is at a temperature of 200掳 C (392掳 F). You can put your hand in the oven without injury as long as you don鈥檛 touch anything. But since the air inside the oven is also at 200掳 C, why isn鈥檛 your hand burned just the same?
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