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In 1993 the radius of Hurricane Emily was about 350 km. The wind speed near the center (鈥渆ye鈥) of the hurricane, whose radius was about 30 km, reached about 200 km/h. As air swirled in from the rim of the hurricane toward the eye, its angular momentum remained roughly constant. Estimate (a) the wind speed at the rim of the hurricane; (b) the pressure difference at the earth鈥檚 surface between the eye and the rim. (Hint: See Table 12.1.) Where is the pressure greater? (c) If the kinetic energy of the swirling air in the eye could be converted completely to gravitational potential energy, how high would the air go? (d) In fact, the air in the eye is lifted to heights of several kilometers. How can you reconcile this with your answer to part (c)?

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The wind speed at the rim of the hurricane is 17.14 km/h.
  2. The pressure difference at the earth鈥檚 surface between the eye and the rim is, 1.83x103Pa.
  3. The high would air goes is, 160 m.
  4. The pressure distinction at better altitudes is even greater.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of the given data

The given data can be listed below as,

  • The radius of Hurricane is,r1=350km.
  • The near the center radius is,r2=30km.
  • The wind speed is, vwind=200km/h.
02

Significance of Bernoulli’s equation

The total energy per unit mass of a fluid flowing at any point in its interior is the sum of the fluid's kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure energy and is equal to a constant value.

03

(a) Determination of the wind speed at the rim of the hurricane

The particular distance d from the axis, the angular momentum is express as,

=md

The constancy of angular momentum, it is the product of the radius and speed is constant, it is express as,

vrim=vwindr2r1

Substitute all the value in the above equation.

vrim=200km/h30km350km=17.14km/h

Hence the wind speed at the rim of the hurricane is 17.14 km/h.

04

(b) Determination of the pressure difference at the earth’s surface between the eye and the rim 

The pressure is lower at the eye. The water level is same then it is express as,

p1+12v12+gh1=p2+12v22+gh2p1-p2=12airv32-v22p=12airv32-v22

Substitute all the value in the above equation.

p=121.2kg/m32000km/h2-17km/h21m/s3.6km/s2=1.83103Pa

05

(c) Determination of the high would the air go

The kinetic energy of the swirling air in the eye could be converted completely to gravitational potential energy then it is express as,

v=2ghv2=2ghh=v22g

Substitute all the value in the above equation.

v22g=160m

Hence the high would air goes is, 160 m.

06

(d) Determination of the air in the eye is lifted to heights of several kilometres

According to Bernoulli鈥檚 equation, if pressure decreases then the fluid velocity increases. The pressure distinction at better altitudes is even greater.

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