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Two charges are placed as shown in Fig. P21.96. The magnitude of q1 is 3.00 mC, but its sign and the value of the charge q2 are not known. The direction of the net electric field E S at point P is entirely in the negative y-direction. (a) Considering the different possible signs of q1 and q2, four possible diagrams could represent the electric fields E1 and E2 produced by q1 and q2. Sketch the four possible electric-field configurations. (b) Using the sketches from part (a) and the direction of E, deduce the signs of q1 and q2. (c) Determine the magnitude of E.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The sketch of all the four possible electric field configurations is shown in the graph below:


(b) From the graph and the direction of E we get that the signs of the q1and q2should be negative.

(c) The magnitude of Eis 1.47107N/C

Step by step solution

01

All the possible outcomes depending on the signs of charges

The above graph shows all the possible outcomes.

02

Comparing all the possible components and comparing it with the electric direction

Case1:

Vertical component: There should be a vertical component and have a value in upward direction.

Horizontal component: May exist in any one and the component is larger than other

Comparing with the previous prediction we get the case it not right as the net field has only vertical component downwards.

Case2:

Vertical component: There should be a vertical component and have a value in downward direction.

Horizontal component: May exist in any one and the component is larger than other

Comparing with the previous prediction we get the case it may be correct as the net field has only vertical component downwards.

Case3:

Vertical component: may exist in case of one vertical component is larger than other

Horizontal component: Must exist with value in left direction

Comparing with the previous prediction we get the case is not right as the net field has only vertical component downwards.

Case4:

Vertical component: may exist in case of one vertical component is larger than other

Horizontal component: Must exist with value in right direction

Comparing with the previous prediction we get the case is not right as the net field has only vertical component downwards.

Therefore, we conclude thatq1andq2should be both negative.

03

Calculating the Magnitude of the electric field

From the above case 2 we have seen that it should be the right one and horizontal components must be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

The angle E=E1sin(67.38)+E2(22.62)=1.1107sin(67.38)+1.25107sin(22.62)=1.47107N/Cbetween F1and horizontal is:

1=arccos513=67.38

2and E2is:

2=arccos1213=22.62

Horizontal component is: E1cos67.38=E2cos22.62

The Force F1is given by:

localid="1668249114947" E1=kq1r1p2=91093.00106(0.5)2=1.1107N/C

Substituting values, we get:

E2=1.1107cos(67.38)cos(22.62)=4.6106N/C

Now,

E=E1sin(67.38)+E2(22.62)=1.1107sin(67.38)+1.25107sin(22.62)=1.47107N/C

Therefore, the magnitude of the electric field is localid="1668249206264" 1.47107N/C

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