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Chapter 15: 15-9Q (page 412)

The oceans contain a tremendous amount of thermal (internal) energy. Why, in general, is it not possible to put this energy to useful work?

Short Answer

Expert verified

It is not possible to utilize thermal energy from the ocean for useful work.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding work extracted from the ocean water

In this problem, if the surface temperature water is both the source as well as the exhaust, then the amount of work extracted will be equal to zero.

02

Evaluation of the tremendous amount of thermal energy present in the ocean

In order to obtain thermal energy from the ocean, a heat engine is needed to operate between two different temperatures. When the temperature variations within the surface and under the ocean water are to be used, it would lead to considerable hindrance, high expense, potential environmental difficulties, and many more.

On the other hand, if temperature differences between tropical water and Arctic waters are used, then due to large distances, several obstacles will occur in this process.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: (II) How much less per year would it cost a family to operate a heat pump that has a coefficient of performance of 2.9 than an electric heater that costs \(2000 to heat their home for a year? If the conversion to the heat pump costs \)15,000, how long would it take the family to break even on heating costs? How much would the family save in 20 years?

Question:The COPs are defined differently for heat pumps and air conditioners. Explain why.

A 鈥淐arnot鈥� refrigerator (the reverse of a Carnot engine) absorbs heat from the freezer compartment at a temperature of -17掳C and exhausts it into the room at 25掳C.

(a) How much work would the refrigerator do to change 0.65 kg of water at 25掳C into ice at -17掳C.

(b) If the compressor output is 105 W and runs 25% of the time, how long will this take?

Which of the following possibilities could increase the efficiency of a heat engine or an internal combustion engine?

(a)Increase the temperature of the hot part of the system and reduce the temperature of the exhaust.

(b) Increase the temperatures of both the hot part and the exhaust part of the system by the same amount.

(c) Decrease the temperatures of both the hot part and the exhaust part of the system by the same amount.

(d) Decrease the temperature of the hot part and increase the temperature of the exhaust part by the same amount.

(e) None of the above; only redesigning the engine or using better gas could improve the engine's efficiency.

(II) A restaurant refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of 4.6. If the temperature in the kitchen outside the refrigerator is 32掳C, what is the lowest temperature that could be obtained inside the refrigerator if it were ideal?
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