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Exercise 54 gives a rough lifetime for a particle trapped particle to escape an enclosure by tunneling.

(a) Consider an electron. Given thatW=100鈥塶尘,L=1鈥塶尘鈥夆赌塧nd鈥夆赌U0=5鈥塭痴, first verify that theEGS<<U0assumption holds, then evaluate the lifetime.

(b) Repeat part (a), but for a0.1gparticle, withW=1nm,L=1m, and a barrier heightU0that equals the energy the particle would have if its speed were just1鈥尘尘辫别谤测别补谤.

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The assumptionEGS<<U0 holds. The lifetime is 33min.
  2. The assumption EGS<<U0holds.

The relaxation time is very large ( 10202e) for such a huge classical particle.

Step by step solution

01

Concepts involved

Tunneling is a phenomena in which a particle is able to tunnel through a potential barrier when its kinetic energy

The ground state energy of infinite well is given by,

EGS=222mL2(1)

Where, = Modified Plank鈥檚 Constant

m= mass of the particle

L = Barrier width

Lifetime of the particle is given by,

mW422000L2e(2)

Where, =Wavelength/2

=2L2mU0(3)

02

Step 2(a): Determine the lifetime of the particles

The infinite well ground state Energy from Equation (1):

EGS=222mL2=2(1.0551034鈥塉.蝉)22(9.111031鈥塳驳)(107鈥尘)2=61024鈥塉EGS=3.8105eV<<U0

Hence, the assumption holds, the value of EGSis found to be much smaller than U0.

Now, if you put the values in equation (3), and then in equation (2) you get,

=(109)8(9.111031鈥塳驳)(81019鈥塉)(1.0551034鈥塉.蝉)=22.9=(9.111031鈥塳驳)(107m)42000(1.0551034J.s)(109鈥尘)222.92e22.92000鈥塻33min

Hence, lifetime of the particle is 33 min.

03

Step 3(b): verify that the  EGS<<U0

Now, for new parameters:

From Equation (1), you get,

E1=2(1.0551034鈥塉.蝉)2(1010)(103)2E1=51052JU0=12(1010kg)102m/s3.16107sU0=51032J

Now, if you put above obtained values in equation (3) and then in equation (2), you get,

鈥夆赌=(106鈥尘)8(1010鈥塳驳)(51032鈥塉)(1.0551034鈥塉.蝉)=6107鈥夆赌夆=(1010kg)(103m)42000(1.051034J.s)(106m)22e鈥夆赌夆夆赌夆夆赌10202e

would be very large for such a huge, classical particle.

The assumption ofEGS<<U0holds good.

For such a huge classical particle, relaxation time would be very large.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Could the situation depicted in the following diagram represent a particle in a bound state? Explain.

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