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Chapter 11: Q61E (page 520)
Determine Q for the reaction
Energy released
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An untrained but perceptive exclaims, 鈥淭hey say that nuclear energy can be released by sticking nuclei together and by breaking them apart. That doesn鈥檛 make sense鈥� Straighten out your friend鈥檚 confusion.
If all the nuclei in a pure sample of uranium-235 were to fission, yielding about 200 MeV each. What is the kinetic energy yield in joules per kilogram of fuel?
The half-life is not the average lifetimeof a radioactive nucleus. We find the average lifetime by multiplyingby the probability per unit timethat the nucleus will 鈥渓ive鈥� that long, then integrating over all time.
(a) Show thatshould be given by
(b) Show that.
In both D-D reactions in equation (11-18). Two deuterons fuse to produce two particles, a nucleus of and a free nucleon. Mass decreases because the binding energy of theA=3nucleus is greater than the combined binding energies of the two deuterons. The binding energy of helium-4is even greater still. Why can't the deuterons simply fuse into a helium-4nucleus and nothing else? Why must multiple particles be produced?
(a) How much energy can be extracted by deuterium fusion from a gallon of sea water? Assume that an average D-D fusion yield is about per atom.
(b) A modem super tanker can hold gallons. How many "water tankers" would be needed to supply the energy need of greater Los Angeles, consuming electricity at a rate of about , for 1 year? Assume that only of the available energy actually becomes electrical energy.
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