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Chapter 2: Q46P (page 86)
A proton has mass. What is the magnitude of the impulse required to increase its speed from 0.990c to 0.994c?
The magnitude of the impulse required to increase its speed from 0.990c to 0.994c is .
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Question: the Hall effect can be used to determine the sign of the mobile charges in a particular conducting material. A bar of a new kind of conducting material is connected to a battery as shown in Figure 20.85. In this diagram, the x-axis runs to the right, the y-axis runs up, and the z-axis runs out of the page, toward you. A voltmeter is connected across the bar as shown, with the leads placed directly opposite each other along a vertical line. In order to answer the following question, you should draw a careful diagram of the situation, including all relevant charges, electric fields, magnetic fields, and velocities.
Initially, there is no magnitude filed in the region of the bar. (a) Inside the bar, what is the direction of the electric field due to the charges on the batteries and the surface of the wires and the bar? This is the electric field that drives the current in the bar. (b) If the mobile charges in the bar are positive in what direction do they move when the current runs? (c) If the mobile charges in the bar are negative, in what direction do they move when the current runs? (d) In this situation (zero magnetic fields), what is the sign of the reading on the voltmeter?
Next, large coils (not shown) are moved near the bar. And current runs through the coils, making a magnetic field in the -z direction (into the page). (e) If the mobile charges in the bar are negative, what is the direction of the magnetic force on the mobile charge? (f) If the mobile charges in the bar are negative, which of the following things will happen? (1) Positive charge will accumulate on the top of the bar. (2) The bar will not becomes polarized. (3) Negative charge will accumulate on the left end of the bar. (4) Negative charge will accumulate on the top of the bar. (g) If the mobile charges in the bar are positive, what is the direction of the magnetic force on the mobile charges? (h) If the mobile charges in the bar are positive, which of these things will happen? (1) positive charge will accumulate on the top of the bar. (2) The bar will not becomes polarized. (3) Positive charge will accumulate on the right end of the bar. (4) Negative charge will accumulate on the top of the bar.
You look at the voltmeter and find that the reading on the meter is . (i) What can you conclude from this observation? (Remember that a voltmeter gives a positive reading if the positive lead is attached to the higher potential location.) (1) There is not enough information to figure out the sign of the mobile charges. (2) The mobile charges are negative. (3) The mobile charges are positive.
Many heavy nuclei are 鈥渁lpha emitters鈥�: they emit an alpha particle, which is the historical name for the nucleus of a helium atom, which contains two protons. For example, a thorium nucleus containing 90 protons is an alpha-emitter. What element does thorium turn into as a result of emitting an alpha particle?
You observe three carts moving to the left. Cart A moves to the left at nearly constant speed. Cart B moves to the left, gradually speeding up. Cart C moves to the left, gradually slowing down. Which cart or carts, if any, experience a net force to the left?
A spherical satellite of approximately uniform density with radius\(4.8m\)and mass\(205kg\)is originally moving with velocity\(\left\langle {2600,0,0} \right\rangle m/s,\)and is originally rotating with an angular speed\(2rad/s,\)in the direction shown in the diagram. A small piece of space junk of mass\(4.1kg\)is initially moving toward the satellite with velocity\(\left\langle { - 2200,0,0} \right\rangle m/s.\)The space junk hits the edge of the satellite at location C as shown in Figure 11.97, and moves off with a new velocity\(\left\langle { - 1300,480,0} \right\rangle m/s.\)Both before and after the collision, the rotation of the space junk is negligible.
Question: A truck driver slams on the brakes and the momentum of the truck changes fromtoindue to a constant force of the road on the wheels of the truck. As a vector, write the net force exerted on the truck by the surroundings.
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