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Chapter 14: Q6Q (page 578)

Explain briefly why the attraction between a point charge and a dipole has a different distance dependence for induced dipoles (1/r5 ) than for permanent dipoles (1/r3 ). (You need not explain either situation in full detail: just explain why there is this difference in their behavior.)

Short Answer

Expert verified

The attraction between a point charge and a dipole has a different distance dependence for induced dipoles (1/r5) than for permanent dipoles (1/r3) due to the difference in the nature of the force exerted by the dipoles.

Step by step solution

01

Attraction between a point charge and different types of dipole

When two opposite charges approach each other, they experience anout of attraction that is given by the Coulomb force, depending on the induced nature of the charge and intensity, the attraction will begin to feel more or less between the charges.

02

Reasons for different behavior 

In the case of the attraction between a charge and the permanent dipole, the distance dependence is represented as 1/r3 , and the attraction between a charge and an induced dipole as 1/r5.

In the case of permanent dipoles, the attractive force is shorter than that of induced dipoles because the distortion that occurs due to the point charge is not permanent and happens for a very short period of time. The dipole will find the previous equilibrium, and the attraction will not be there between the permanent dipole and the point charge. But the induced dipole will remain in the same distorted condition as long as the external influence is there.

Thus, the attraction between a point charge and a dipole has a different distance dependence for induced dipoles (1/r5) than for permanent dipoles (1/r3).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Explain briefly why repulsion is a better test for the sign of a charged object than attraction is.

A point charge of 3脳10鈭�9鈥塁is located at the origin.

(a) What is the magnitude of the electric field at location 鉄�0.2,0,0鉄�鈥尘?

(b) Next, a short, straight, thin copper wire 3鈥尘mlong is placed along the x axis with its center at location 鉄�0.1,0,0鉄�鈥尘. What is the approximate change in the magnitude of the electric field at location 鉄�0.2,0,0鉄�鈥尘?

(c) Does the magnitude of the electric field at location 鉄�0.2,0,0鉄�鈥尘 increase or decrease as a result of placing the copper wire between this location and the point charge?

(d) Does the copper metal block the electric field contributed by the point charge?

Criticize the following statement: 鈥淲hen you rub your finger along the slick side of a U tape, the excess charges flow onto your finger, and this discharges the tape.鈥� Draw diagrams illustrating a more plausible explanation.

A glass sphere carrying a uniformly distributed charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral spherical plastic shell (Figure 15.67).

(a) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the plastic. (b) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the inner glass sphere. Explain briefly. (c) Is the electric field at location P outside the plastic shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the plastic weren鈥檛 there? Explain briefly. (d) Now suppose that the glass sphere carrying a uniform charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral metal shell (Figure 15.68). Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the metal.

e) Now be quantitative about the polarization of the metal sphere and prove your assertions. (f) Is the electric field at location P outside the metal shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the metal shell weren鈥檛 there? Explain briefly.

A small glass ball is rubbed all over with a small silk cloth and acquires a charge of +5nC. The silk cloth and the glass ball are placed 30 cm apart.

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