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Chapter 14: Q53P (page 584)

A positively charged sphere is placed near a neutral block of nickel, as shown in Figure 14.92. (a) Which of the diagrams in Figure 14.93 best represents the equilibrium distribution of charge on the neutral nickel block?

(b) At location P inside the nickel block the electric field due to the charged sphere is <-625,0,0>N/C. At equilibrium, which of the following statements must be true? (1) It is not possible to determine the electric field at location P due only to charges on the surface of the nickel block. (2) The electric field at location P due only to charges on the surface of the nickel block is <0,0,0>N/C. (3) Because the net electric field at location P is <0,0,0>N/C, the field at P due only to charges on the surface of the polarized nickel block must be <625,0,0>N/C.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

(a) Diagram B best represents the equilibrium distribution of charge on the neutral nickel block.

(b) Statement 3 is correct.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of given data

The given data can be listed below as:

The electric field due to the charged sphere at the location P is <-625,0,0>N/C.

02

Significance of the electric field

The electric field is described as a region that helps an electrically charged particle to exert force on another particle. The magnitude of the electric field is directly proportional to the charge and inversely proportional to the distance of the charges.

03

(a) Determination of the diagrams that best represents the equilibrium distribution of charge on the neutral nickel block

Here, in the above diagram, as the charged sphere is placed at the left side of the neutral nickel block, then the neutral nickel block will induce positive charges and due to the positive charges, the nickel block will also induce negative charges. Hence, as the block was neutral, then the positive charges will be at the right side and the negative charges will be at the left side of the block.

Thus, diagram B best represents the equilibrium distribution of charge on the neutral nickel block.

04

(b) Determination of the correct statement

Statement 1 states that it is not possible to determine the electric field at location P due only to charges on the surface of the nickel block. This statement is incorrect as the electric field at location P can be identified with the help of the electric field due to the charged sphere with the help of the equation of the magnitude of the electric field.

Statement 2 states that the electric field at the location P due only to charges on the surface of the nickel block is <0,0,0>N/C. This statement is incorrect, as the electric field is not zero due to the charges, but as the sphere is in equilibrium, that is the reason the electric field is zero.

The statement 3 states that because the net electric field at location P is <0,0,0>N/C, the field at P due only to charges on the surface of the polarized nickel block must be <625,0,0>N/C. This statement is correct as due to equilibrium; the net electric field is zero and the electric field at location P is <625,0,0>N/C.

Thus, statement 3 is correct.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(a)The positively charged particle shown in diagram 1 in Figure 14.94 creates an electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\) at location A. Which of the arrows (a鈥�j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\) at location A?

(b)Now a block of metal is placed in the location shown in diagram 2 in Figure 14.94. Which of the arrows (a鈥�j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of the electric field \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{m}}}\) at location Adue only to the charges in and/or on the metal block?

(c)\(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is greater than \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{m}}}} \right|\). With the metal block still in place, which of the arrows (a鈥�j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of the net electric field at location A?

(d)With the metal block still in place, which of the following statements about the magnitude of \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\), the field due only to the charged particle, is correct?

(1) \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is less than it was originally, because the block is in the way.

(2) \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is the same as it was originally, without the block.

(3) \(\left| {{{{\bf{\vec E}}}_{\bf{p}}}} \right|\)is zero, because the electric field due to the particle can鈥檛 go through the block.

(e)With the metal block still in place, how does the magnitude of\({{\bf{\vec E}}_{{\bf{net}}}}\) at location Acompare to the magnitude of \({{\bf{\vec E}}_{\bf{p}}}\)?

(f)Which of the arrows (a鈥�j) in Figure 14.94 best indicates the direction of the net electric field at the center of the metal block (inside the metal)?

Which statements about a neutral atom are correct? Select all that apply. (1) A neutral atom is composed of positively and negatively charged particles. (2) The positively charged particles in the nucleus are positrons. (3) The electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. (4) Positively charged protons are located in the tiny, massive nucleus. (5) The radius of the electron cloud is twice as large as the radius of the nucleus. (6) The negatively charged electrons are spread out in a "cloud" around the nucleus.

If the distance between a neutral atom and a point charge is doubled, by what factor does the force on the atom by the point charge change?

A glass sphere carrying a uniformly distributed charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral spherical plastic shell (Figure 15.67).

(a) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the plastic. (b) Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the inner glass sphere. Explain briefly. (c) Is the electric field at location P outside the plastic shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the plastic weren鈥檛 there? Explain briefly. (d) Now suppose that the glass sphere carrying a uniform charge of +Qis surrounded by an initially neutral metal shell (Figure 15.68). Qualitatively, indicate the polarization of the metal.

e) Now be quantitative about the polarization of the metal sphere and prove your assertions. (f) Is the electric field at location P outside the metal shell larger, smaller, or the same as it would be if the metal shell weren鈥檛 there? Explain briefly.

Which of the following could be reasonable explanations for how a piece of invisible tape gets charged? Select all that apply. (1) Protons are pulled out of nuclei in one tape and transferred to another tape. (2) Charged molecular fragments are broken off one tape and transferred to another. (3) Electrons are pulled out of molecules in one tape and transferred to another tape. (4) Neutrons are pulled out of nuclei in one tape and transferred to another tape.
See all solutions

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