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Set up an appropriate sample space for each of Problems 1.1 to 1.10 and use itto solve the problem. Use either a uniform or non-uniform sample space or try both.

If you select a three-digit number at random, what is the probability that the units digit is 7? What is the probability that the hundreds digit is 7?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The required sample space is 100,101,,999

The probability that the units digit is 7 is110 andthe probability that the hundreds digit is 7 is19.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Probability

The probability of any event is defined as the ratio of the number of outcomes associated with the event to the total number of possible outcomes. The probability of a particular event is always less than or equal to 1.

02

Creation of the sample space

A three-digit number lies from and thus, there are 900 three-digit numbers. So, the sample space for the given problem is all the three-digit number from 100 to 999, that is expressed as follows,

100,101,,999

Each digit of the obtained sample space has an equal probability of 1900.

03

Determination of the probability that the units digit is 7

A three-digit number which end with 7 are 90 namely107,117,,197,207,,297,,907,917,,997

with each having a probability of1900 .

Find the probability that the units digit is 7 by adding the probabilities of each possible outcomes, that is 90 times 1900.

p=901900=110

Thus, the probability that the units digit is 7is110 .

04

Determination of the probability that the hundreds digit is 7

A three-digit number which starts with 7 are 100that are700,701,,799 with each having a probability of 1900.

Find the probability that the hundreds digit is 7by adding the probabilities of each possible outcomes, that is 100 times1900 .

role="math" localid="1655788370190" p=1001900=19

Thus, the probability that the hundreds digit is 7 is 19.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Do Problem 22if one person is busy 3 evenings, one is busy2evenings, two are each busy one evening, and the rest are free every evening.

There are 3 red and 2 white balls in one box and 4 red and 5 white in the second box. You select a box at random and from it pick a ball at random. If the ball is red, what is the probability that it came from the second box?

Three coins are tossed; x = number of heads minus number of tails.

Set up an appropriate sample space for each of Problems 1.1 to 1.10 and use it to solve the problem. Use either a uniform or non-uniform sample space or try both.

A single card is drawn at random from a shuffled deck. What is the probability that it is red? That it is the ace of hearts? That it is either a three or a five? That it is either an ace or red or both?

(a) Set up a sample space for the 5 black and 10 white balls in a box discussed above assuming the first ball is not replaced. Suggestions: Number the balls, say 1 to 5 for black and 6 to 15 for white. Then the sample points form an array something like (2.4), but the point 3,3 for example is not allowed. (Why?

What other points are not allowed?) You might find it helpful to write the

numbers for black balls and the numbers for white balls in different colors.

(b) Let A be the event 鈥渇irst ball is white鈥 and B be the event 鈥渟econd ball is

black.鈥 Circle the region of your sample space containing points favorable to

A and mark this region A. Similarly, circle and mark region B. Count the

number of sample points in A and in B; these are and . The region

AB is the region inside both A and B; the number of points in this region is

. Use the numbers you have found to verify (3.2) and (3.1). Also find

and and verify (3.3) numerically.

(c) Use Figure 3.1 and the ideas of part (b) to prove (3.3) in general.

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