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Question: A square membrane of side l is distorted into the shape

f(x,y)=xy(l-x)(l-y)

and released. Express its shape at subsequent times as an infinite series. Hint: Use a double Fourier series as in Problem 5.9.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The solution if the membrane is square is given below.
z(x,y.t)=n=1,3,5...n=1,3,5...64l46n3sin苍蟺lxsin尘蟺lycos迟蟺惫ln2+m2

Step by step solution

01

Given Information.

The function of distorted shape is as given below.

f(x,y)=xy(1-x)(1-y).

02

Definition of Laplace’ equation.

The total of the second-order partial derivatives of z, the unknown function, with respect to the Cartesian coordinates equals , according to Laplace's equation.

The wave equation is 2z=1v22zt2.

03

Use wave equation.

Start from a wave equation.
2z=1v22zt2

Put a solution of the form mentioned below in the above equation.

Z(z)=F(x,y)T(t)

Dividing by F(x,y)T(t).

2FF=1V2T2Tt2=-K2

The both sides are a function of a different variable and they must be equal to some constant if they are to be equal.

Write the derived two equation.
2F+K2F=0;2Tt2+K2V2T=0

Write the solution of the time equation.
T(t)=sin(Kvt)cos(Kvt)

Put F(x,y)=X(x)Y(y)and divide byX(x)Y(y) to further separate the space equation.

1Xd2Xdx2+1Yd2Ydy2+K2=0

Present the constant.

K2=kx2+k2

04

Use the boundary condition.

Write the equation.

1Xd2Xdx2+kx2+1Yd2Ydy2+ky2=0


The solutions are the trigonometric solutions.
X(x)=cos(kxx)sin(kxx)Y(y)=cos(kyy)sin(kyy)

On the boundary so use the boundary condition.
Z(0,y,t)=0Z(l,y,t)=0Z(x,0,t)=0Z(x,l,t)=0

X(0)=00=Csin(kx0)+Dcos(kx0)

D=0
X(a)=0=sin(kxa)

kxl=苍蟺kx=苍蟺l
05

Solve further.

Repeat the same.

Y(0)=00=Esin(ky0)+Fcos(ky0)
Y(b)=0=sin(kyb)
kyl=尘蟺ky=尘蟺l
Knm2=kx2+ky2=2n2l2+m2l2nm=Knmv=惫蟺ln2+m2
Write the solution.
Z(x,y,t)=n-1m-1sin尘蟺lysin尘蟺lyAnmsin迟蟺惫ln2+m2+Bnmcos迟蟺惫ln2+m2
At t=0
Z(x,y,0)=f(x,y)=xy(l-x)(l-y)=n=1m=1sin苍蟺lxsin尘蟺lyBnm

It can be seen that so only the cosine terms remain.
There is a double Fourier series.|
TheAnm coefficient are calculated almost the same as in the one dimensional case.
Anm=2l2l0lsin苍蟺lxdx0lf(x,y)sin尘蟺lydy=4l20lx(x-l)sin苍蟺lxdx0ly(y-l)sin尘蟺lydyAnm=64l46n3m3;n,m=1,3,5......

Hence the final result.
Z(x,y,t)=n=1,3,5...m=1,3,5...64l46n3m3sin苍蟺lxsin尘蟺lycos迟蟺惫ln2+m2

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