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The velocity Vof electrons from a high energy accelerator is very near the velocity Cof light. Given the voltage Vof the accelerator, we often want to calculate the ratio v/c. The relativistic formula for this calculation is (approximately, for V>>1)

vc=1-(0.511V)2, V=Number of million volts

Use two terms of the binomial series (13.5) to find 1-v/cin terms of V. Use your result to find 1-v/cfor the following values of V. Caution: V= the number of millionvolts.

(a)V =100 million volts

(b)V =500 million volts

(c)V =25,000 million volts

(d)V = 100 gigavolts (100109volts=105millionvolts)

Short Answer

Expert verified

The solutions are obtained.

  1. 1.310-5
  2. 5.2224210-7
  3. role="math" localid="1662642442196" (2.0889710-10)
  4. (1.305610-11)

Step by step solution

01

Given information.

The relativistic formula is vc=1-(0.511V)2.

02

Definition of Binomial Series.

The series of Binomial series used in this solution is given:

(1+x)1/2=1+12x-18x2+116x3-5128x4+

03

Write the binomial series to be used.

Write the binomial series to be used.

(1+x)1/2=1+12x-18x2+116x3-5128x4+

04

Use the binomial series in the relativistic formula to evaluate.

Truncate the binomial series after two terms and use it to express the relativistic formula.

vc=1-0.511V2=1-120.511V2vc=1-0.1305605V21-vc=0.1305605V2

05

a) Substitute given values of potentials in the equation obtained to find the solutions

Substitute V=100million volts in the equation above.

1-vc=0.1305605(100)21-vc=1.310-5

Thus, the answer is 1.310-5.

06

b) Repeat the process to obtain the second solution

Substitute V=500million volts in the equation, and we get,

1-vc=0.1305605(500)21-vc=5.2224210-7

Thus, the answer is 5.2224210-7.

07

c) Repeat the process to obtain the next solution

Substitute V=25000million volts in the equation above.

role="math" localid="1662643138333" 1-vc=0.1305605(25000)21-vc=2.0889710-10

Thus, the answer is2.0889710-10.

08

d) Repeat the process to obtain the next solution

Substitute V=100000million volts in the equation above.

role="math" localid="1662643365794" 1-vc=0.1305605(100000)21-vc=1.305610-11

Thus, the answer is 1.305610-11.

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