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A circularly symmetrical magnetic field ( B depends only on the distance from the axis), pointing perpendicular to the page, occupies the shaded region in Fig. 5.58. If the total flux (∫B.da) is zero, show that a charged particle that starts out at the center will emerge from the field region on a radial path (provided it escapes at all). On the reverse trajectory, a particle fired at the center from outside will hit its target (if it has sufficient energy), though it may follow a weird route getting there. [Hint: Calculate the total angular momentum acquired by the particle, using the Lorentz force law.]

Short Answer

Expert verified

A charged particle that starts out at the center will emerge from the field region on a radial path, is proved.

Step by step solution

01

Significance of the magnetic field

The magnetic field is described as a region that is around a particular magnetic material or moving charge in which the magnetic force acts. The magnetic field is beneficial for distributing a magnetic force inside a magnetic material.

02

Determination of the momentum of a charged particle 

The equation of the angular momentum of a particle is expressed as:

L=∫dLdtdt

The above equation can also be reduced as:

∫dLdtdt=∫Ndt=∫r×Fdt=∫r×q(v×B))dt=q∫r×(dl×B)

Hence, further as:

∫dLdtdt=q∫r×(dl×B)=q∫(r.B)dl-∫B(r.dl)

…(¾±)

As is mainly perpendicular to B , Hence,r.B=0.

The equation of the product of the distance and the increase in the length is expressed as:

r.dl=r.dr=12d(r.r)=12dr2=rdr

Hence, further as:

r.dl=12Ï€2Ï€rdr

Substitute the above value in equation (i).

L=q2π∫0RB2πrdr=-q2π∫Bda=-q2πΦ

Hence, asΦ=0 , then the value of the angular momentum is L=0.

Thus, a charged particle that starts out at the center will emerge from the field region on a radial path, is proved.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Show that the magnetic field of an infinite solenoid runs parallel to the axis, regardless of the cross-sectional shape of the coil,as long as that shape is constant along the length of the solenoid. What is the magnitude of the field, inside and outside of such a coil? Show that the toroid field (Eq. 5.60) reduces to the solenoid field, when the radius of the donut is so large that a segment can be considered essentially straight.

(a) A phonograph record of radius R, carrying a uniform surface charge σ, is rotating at constant angular velocity Ӭ. Find its magnetic dipole moment.

(b) Find the magnetic dipole moment of the spinning spherical shell in Ex. 5.11. Show that for pointsr>R the potential is that of a perfect dipole.

A particle of charge qenters a region of uniform magnetic field B→ (pointing intothe page). The field deflects the particle a distanced above the original line of flight, as shown in Fig. 5.8. Is the charge positive or negative? In terms of a, d, Band q,find the momentum of the particle.

The magnetic field on the axis of a circular current loop (Eq. 5.41) is far from uniform (it falls off sharply with increasing z). You can produce a more nearly uniform field by using two such loops a distanced apart (Fig. 5.59).

(a) Find the field (B) as a function of z, and show that ∂B∂z is zero at the point midway between them (z = 0)

(b) If you pick d just right, the second derivative of B will also vanish at the midpoint. This arrangement is known as a Helmholtz coil; it's a convenient way of producing relatively uniform fields in the laboratory. Determine d such that ∂2B/∂z2=0 at the midpoint, and find the resulting magnetic field at the center. [Answer:8μ0I55R ]

Question: (a) Find the density ÒÏof mobile charges in a piece of copper, assuming each atom contributes one free electron. [Look up the necessary physical constants.]

(b) Calculate the average electron velocity in a copper wire 1 mm in diameter, carrying a current of 1 A. [Note:This is literally a snail'space. How, then, can you carry on a long distance telephone conversation?]

(c) What is the force of attraction between two such wires, 1 em apart?

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