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A plane wire loop of irregular shape is situated so that part of it is in a uniform magnetic field B (in Fig. 5.57 the field occupies the shaded region, and points perpendicular to the plane of the loop). The loop carries a current I. Show that the net magnetic force on the loop isF=±õµþÓ¬, whereÓ¬is the chord subtended. Generalize this result to the case where the magnetic field region itself has an irregular shape. What is the direction of the force?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The net magnetic force on the loop isF=IBÓ¬ .

The force acts in the direction perpendicular to the chord subtended by the loop.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of the given data

The given data is listed below as:

  • The uniform magnetic field of the wire loop is,B
  • The current carried by the loop is,I
  • The chord subtended by the loop is,Ó¬
02

Significance of magnetic field

The magnetic field is described as the region around a particular magnet. The magnetic field is also beneficial for understanding distribution of magnetic force around a particular magnetic material.

03

Determination of the net magnetic force on the loop

The equation of the net magnetic force on the loop is expressed as:

F=I∫dI×B

Here,Iis current,dIis the increase in the length andBis the uniform magnetic field.

As the uniform magnetic field is constant, then the equation of the net magnetic force can be expressed as:

F=IB∫dI …(¾±)

The entering and the leaving point of the wire inside the magnetic field is same. So, the chord subtended by the loop and the uniform magnetic field are perpendicular to each other. Hence, the equation of the integration of the increase in the length can be expressed as:

∫dI=Ӭ

Here,Ó¬ is the chord subtended by the loop.

Substitute the above equation in equation (i).

F=IBÓ¬

Thus, the net magnetic force on the loop is F=IBÓ¬.

The force acts in the direction perpendicular to the chord subtended by the loop.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider a planeloop of wire that carries a steady current I;we

want to calculate the magnetic field at a point in the plane. We might as well take

that point to be the origin (it could be inside or outside the loop). The shape of the

wire is given, in polar coordinates, by a specified function r(θ)(Fig. 5.62).

(a) Show that the magnitude of the field is

role="math" localid="1658927560350" B=μ0I4π∮(5.92)

(b) Test this formula by calculating the field at the center of a circular loop.

(c) The "lituus spiral" is defined by a

r(θ)=aθ â¶Ä‰â¶Ä‰â¶Ä‰â¶Ä‰0<θ≤2Ï€

(for some constant a).Sketch this figure, and complete the loop with a straight

segment along the xaxis. What is the magnetic field at the origin?

(d) For a conic section with focus at the origin,

r(θ)=p1+±ð³¦´Ç²õθ

where pisthe semi-latus rectum (the y intercept) and eis the eccentricity (e= 0

for a circle, 0 < e< 1 for an ellipse, e= 1 for a parabola). Show that the field is

B=μ0I2pregardless of the eccentricity.

Suppose there did exist magnetic monopoles. How would you modifyMaxwell's equations and the force law to accommodate them? If you think thereare several plausible options, list them, and suggest how you might decide experimentally which one is right.

Find and sketch the trajectory of the particle in Ex. 5.2, if it starts at

the origin with velocity

(a)v→(0)=EByÁåœ(b)v→(0)=E2ByÁåœ(c)v→(0)=EB(yÁåœ+zÁåœ).

A thin uniform donut, carrying charge Qand mass M, rotates about its axis as shown in Fig. 5.64.

(a) Find the ratio of its magnetic dipole moment to its angular momentum. This is called the gyromagnetic ratio (or magnetomechanical ratio).

(b) What is the gyromagnetic ratio for a uniform spinning sphere? [This requires no new calculation; simply decompose the sphere into infinitesimal rings, and apply the result of part (a).]

(c) According to quantum mechanics, the angular momentum of a spinning electron is role="math" localid="1658120028604" 12, where is Planck's constant. What, then, is the electron's magnetic dipole moment, in role="math" localid="1658120037359" A×M2 ? [This semi classical value is actually off by a factor of almost exactly 2. Dirac's relativistic electron theory got the 2right, and Feynman, Schwinger, and Tomonaga later calculated tiny further corrections. The determination of the electron's magnetic dipole moment remains the finest achievement of quantum electrodynamics, and exhibits perhaps the most stunningly precise agreement between theory and experiment in all of physics. Incidentally, the quantity (e2m ), where e is the charge of the electron and m is its mass, is called the Bohr magneton.]

The magnetic field on the axis of a circular current loop (Eq. 5.41) is far from uniform (it falls off sharply with increasing z). You can produce a more nearly uniform field by using two such loops a distanced apart (Fig. 5.59).

(a) Find the field (B) as a function of \(z\), and show that \(\frac{\partial \mathbf{B}}{\partial \mathbf{z}}\) is zero at the point midway between them \((z=0)\)

(b) If you pick d just right, the second derivative of \(B\) will also vanish at the midpoint. This arrangement is known as a Helmholtz coil; it's a convenient way of producing relatively uniform fields in the laboratory. Determine \(d\) such that

\(\partial^{2} B / \partial z^{2}=0\) at the midpoint, and find the resulting magnetic field at the center.

\(\frac{A I_{0}}{5 \sqrt{5} R}\)

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